1. The Four Nations “Aspects of Britain” HRO Block 3, 2009

2.  Do not call Welsh, Scottish or Irish people "English"

3. Northern Ireland  Roman name Hibernia  Flag of St. Patrick’s cross  St. Patrick’s day – 17th March  Protestant v Catholic/Londonderry v Derry  Surname with prefix “O” distinctly Irish  The Ulster Fry

4. Wales  Roman name Cambria  St. David’s Day – 1st March  Taffy or Dai  Singing ability  National Eisteddfod (since 1176)  Daffodills & Leeks  Laverbread/Welsh Rarebit  Rugby is the national game  Sheep – 11 million!

6. Scotland  Roman name – Caledonia  Flag is the historic Cross of St. Andrew  Surnames often start with “Mac” or “Mc”  Careful with money  Bagpipe  Kilt/Sporran  Thistle  Whisky (Scotch)  St. Andrew’s Day - 30 November  Burn’s Night – 25th January

7. Auld Lang Syne.  Burns OriginalAuld Lang Syne Chorus. And for auld lang syne, my jo, For auld lang syne, We'll tak a cup o' kindness yet, For auld lang syne, 1. Should auld acquaintance be forgot, And never brought to mind? Should auld acquaintance be forgot, And days o' auld lang syne. 2. And surely ye'll be your pint-stowp! And surely I'll be mine! And we'll tak a cup o' kindness yet, For auld lang syne. 3. We twa hae run about the braes And pu'd the gowans fine; But we've wander'd mony a weary foot Sin auld lang syne. 4. We twa hae paidl'd i' the burn, Frae mornin' sun till dine; But seas between us braid hae roar'd Sin auld lang syne. 5. And there's a hand, my trusty fiere! And gie's a hand o' thine! And we'll tak a right guid willy waught, For auld lang syne.  Auld Lang Syne first verse. Auld Lang Syne first verse. Auld Lang Syne first verse.  Standard English TranslationOld Long Past Chorus. And for old long past, my joy (sweetheart), For old long past, We will take a cup of kindness yet, For old long past, Should old acquaintance be forgot, And never brought to mind? Should old acquaintance be forgot, And days of old long past. And surely you will pay for your pint-vessel! And surely I will pay for mine! And we will take a cup of kindness yet, For old long past. We two have run about the hillsides And pulled the wild daisies fine; But we have wandered many a weary foot Since old long past. We two have paddled in the stream, From morning sun till noon; But seas between us broad have roared Since old long past. And there is a hand, my trusty friend! And give me a hand of yours! And we will take a right good-will drink, For old long past.

9.  Active since 1933

10. Haggis  What is Haggis?  It consists of a sheep’s stomach, filled with oatmeal and the minced left over parts of a sheep – (heart, lungs, liver) with onion and herbs  Traditionally eaten on Burns Night (25 January - the anniversary of Robert Burns’ birth) and St. Andrew’s Day (30 November)  The Haggis is served with “neeps ‘n’ tatties”  Neeps are mashed turnip or swede, with a little milk and allspice added  Tatties are creamed potatoes flavoured with a little nutmeg

11. Haggis with Neeps & Tatties  The haggis is traditionally (bag)piped in  Served with a “wee dram o' malt whisky”

12. England  Roman name – Albion  Flag of St. George's Cross  St. George’s Day – 23rd April  Famous for slaying dragon  Love queuing!  Don’t forget to drive on the left in the UK  Affectionately known as “Old Blighty”

13. Take Me Back To Dear Old Blighty Written and Composed by A.J. Mills. Take Me Back To Dear Old Blighty Written and Composed by A.J. Mills. Blighty  Take me back to dear old Blighty Put me on the train for London Town Take me over there, Drop me anywhere, Liverpool, Leeds or Birmingham, Well I don't care! I should love to see my best girl Cuddling up again we soon should be; Whoa! Tiddley iddley ighty, Hurry me home to Blighty; Blighty is the place for me. Listen to a version from 1930 by the Jolly Old Fellows

14. John Bull  A personification of Great Britain  Originally a character in John Arbuthnot's The History of John Bull (1712)  He became popular during the C.19th  He was portrayed as an honest, solid, farmer figure, often in a Union Jack waistcoat, and accompanied by a bulldog  Although frequently used through World War II, since the 1950s John Bull has been seen less often

15. Britannia  She is the personification of British nationalism  Rule Britannia! Britannia rules the waves Britons never, never, never shall be slaves  She is portrayed as a young woman in a neo-classical gown and helmet, seated by the sea  She is holding a trident in one hand and a shield, decorated with the Union flag, in the other

16. The Public House (Pub)  Over 60,000 in UK  Names ranging from “The Queen’s Head” to the “Who'd a Thought It”  Pints  Pints  Usually 2 bars  Important part of British life - People talk, eat, drink, meet their friends and relax there  Very important for community in villages

17. Fish ‘n’ Chips  Traditional take-away - wrapped in paper (used to be newspaper)  Smothered in salt - soused with malt vinegar  First fish and chip shop is thought to have opened near Oldham, Lancs around 1863  However in London it is said that one opened in 1860 within the sound of Bow Bells  300 million servings per year –equates to 6 servings for every man, woman and child in the country  8,500 fish and chip shops across the UK  That’s 8 for every McDonald’s!

18. Fish ‘n’ Chips  Not “met” (mayo) as the Dutch  But with Salt ‘n’ vinegar!

19. Full English Breakfast  Fried Egg, Bacon, Sausage, Fried Bread, Fried Tomato, Baked Beans, Mushrooms, Black Pudding.

20. Sunday Roast Lunch  Traditionally put in the oven before going to church  Roast Beef, Yorkshire Pudding, Roast Potatoes, Vegetables & Gravy.

21. Afternoon Tea  Tea, that most quintessential of English drinks  Drinking tea dates back to the third millennium BC in China  A relative latecomer to British shores - Mid 17th C.  Afternoon tea was introduced in England circa 1840 by Anna, the Seventh Duchess of Bedford  The Duchess asked that a tray of tea, bread and butter and cake be brought to her room during the late afternoon  She began inviting friends to join her - This pause for tea became a fashionable social event

22.  Traditional afternoon tea consists of: –dainty sandwiches (often cucumber) –scones served with (devon) clotted cream and preserves –cakes and pastries –Tea is poured from silver tea pots into delicate bone china cups  The Devonshire Cream Tea is famous world wide  Nowadays afternoon tea is likely to be just a biscuit and a mug of tea

23. Afternoon Tea

24. London

25. The Great Plague of London.  1665, outbreak in England in 1563 outbreak in England in 1563  16 % per cent of population killed  17,500 out of 93,000  What was the remedy for the plague at that time ?

26. The Great Fire of London  1666  Thomas Farynor Baker’s shop  Baker to Charles II  Houses half timbered with pitch and thatched roofs.  87 churches and 13,200 houses gone  6 casualties  Sir Christopher Wren rebuilt St. Paul’s over a period of 35 years.

27. The West End  Leicester Square – Cinema  Theatre Land  Shop till you drop  Tourist Attractions

28. The City  Sometimes known as the Square Mile  Financial Institutions  Financial Institutions  There are some big tourist attractions in the city: –St Paul's Cathedral –The Tower of London –The Old Bailey –The Bank of England –Lloyds Building

30. The East End  To be a true Londoner - A Cockney, you have to be born within hearing distance of the bells of St. Mary Le Bow, Cheapside, in the City of London  Charles Dickens – Oliver Twist etc

31. An old Nursery Rhyme.  Oranges and Lemons Poem : "Oranges and lemons" say the Bells of St. Clement's "You owe me five farthings" say the Bells of St. Martin's "When will you pay me?" say the Bells of Old Bailey "When I grow rich" say the Bells of Shoreditch "When will that be?" say the Bells of Stepney "I do not know" say the Great Bells of Bow "Here comes a Candle to light you to Bed Here comes a Chopper to Chop off your Head Chip chop chip chop - the Last Man's Dead." Bells of St. Clement'sBells of St. Martin'sBells of Old BaileyBells of ShoreditchBells of StepneyGreat Bells of BowBells of St. Clement'sBells of St. Martin'sBells of Old BaileyBells of ShoreditchBells of StepneyGreat Bells of Bow

32. Pie and Mash & Liquor  Traditional Cockney Fare  Since the 18th century - the first ones opening in pre- Dickensian and Victorian London  Pie and mash shops are most frequent around East and South London  Rarely in areas frequented by tourists  What is it? –100% Minced Beef Pie –Mashed Potato –Traditional liquor - famous green gravy (parsley)  "Licker is what the Dutch people brought over from Holland many years ago and it originally went with fish."

33. Cockney Rhyming Slang  Adam and EveWould you Adam and Eve (Believe) it?  Barnet FairI'm going to have my barnet (Hair) cut  Pen and InkPooh! It pens (Stinks) a bit in here  Raspberry TartI can smell a raspberry (Fart)  Trouble and StrifeThe trouble's (Wife’s) been shopping again  Uncle BertI'm ironing my Uncle (Shirt)  Khyber PassStick that up your Khyber (Arse)  Khyber PassStick that up your Khyber (Arse)

34. Pie and Mash & Liquor

35. The Docklands  1560 - East India Company  1805 – London Docks open  Docks closed in 1969  Regeneration from 1981-98  The new “City”  Canary Wharf

36.  1802 - The creation of vast dock basins on the Isle of Dogs

37. The End