1. Data citation in CSIRO Building a culture of data citation CSIRO INFORMATION MANAGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY Anne Stevenson | Research Data Services Support Adapted and presented by Sue Cook, 20 th March 2014 Image: http://xkcd.com/285/

2. The big picture Data citation in CSIRO| Anne Stevenson 2 | Appeal to researchers to describe and manage their data, for: Accountability: publicly funded research, responsibility to provide access to data Access to data is 1 step towards reproducibility Reuse: data product used by other researchers; same datasets, multiple analyses Reputation: protection against loss of data, broken links to data, unreadable media

3. The big picture Data citation in CSIRO| Anne Stevenson 3 | Research data is a critical enabler of CSIRO’s collaborative science. CSIRO IM&T recognises that research data is a valuable organisational asset that needs to be managed. Data citation is part of this bigger picture. Global movement from funders and journal publishers to support and promote data sharing and citation Nature, Science, PLoS, ARC...

4. The big picture Data citation in CSIRO| Anne Stevenson 4 | Research data is a critical enabler of CSIRO’s collaborative science. CSIRO IM&T recognises that research data is a valuable organisational asset that needs to be managed. 20TB of Parkes pulsar data is one example of data-driven discovery. Needs to be managed, protected against loss, versioned, described, made broadly available. Work is underway to process Parkes pulsar observations in DAP, in order to detect differences in pulse arrival times from an array of pulsars in an attempt to detect gravitational waves.

5. The big picture: Carrots Recognition for managing data: get your data cited: Carrot: linking to data from publications can raise citation rates Piwowar HA, Vision TJ. (2013) Data reuse and the open data citation advantage. PeerJ 1:e175 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.175 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.175 Data citation in CSIRO| Anne Stevenson 5 |

6. The big picture Data reuse and the open data citation advantage Piwowar HA, Vision TJ. (2013) Data reuse and the open data citation advantage. PeerJ 1:e175 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.175 (gene expression microarray data) After accounting for other factors affecting citation rate, we find a robust citation benefit from open data, although a smaller one than previously reported. We conclude there is a direct effect of third-party data reuse that persists for years beyond the time when researchers have published most of the papers reusing their own data. Data citation in CSIRO| Anne Stevenson 6 |

7. The big picture Linking to Data - Effect on Citation Rates in Astronomy Edwin A. Henneken, Alberto Accomazzi http://arxiv.org/abs/1111.3618 Is there a difference in citation rates between articles that were published with links to data and articles that were not? Besides being interesting from a purely academic point of view, this question is also highly relevant for the process of furthering science. Data sharing not only helps the process of verification of claims, but also the discovery of new findings in archival data. Data citation in CSIRO| Anne Stevenson 7 |

8. In place An automated process to: Deliver a DOI for a publically available dataset –a PID (a handle) for a “non-public” dataset Present an attribution statement within the collection: –Visible during the creation of the record in the Data Access Portal (DAP) –Any changes made to the record during the deposit process are reflected in the attribution –Can be copied for use in publications Facility to provide bidirectional linking between data and publications Data citation in CSIRO| Anne Stevenson 8 |

9. Attribution statement in the Data Access Portal Data citation in CSIRO| Anne Stevenson 9 |

10. Bidirectional linking Data citation in CSIRO| Anne Stevenson 10 |

11. In place Training sessions for depositing and managing data sets in the Data Access Portal (DAP) –We can almost hear the attention level increase when we mention DOI minting Distributing the ANDS Data Citation leaflet into CSIRO’s libraries, information centres and canteens Adding Google Analytics reports to wiki (shows most viewed, most downloaded) Providing altmetric data for inclusion in annual reportsaltmetric Exploring tracking and metrics options such as ImpactStory and Thomson Reuters Data Citation IndexImpactStory Exploring the export of data set citations into reference management software Data citation in CSIRO| Anne Stevenson 11 |

12. In place Contacting authors who have journal articles to submit: Data citation in CSIRO| Anne Stevenson 12 |

13. In place Tapping into the internal professional writing and proposal preparation sessions to encourage referral of data sources A dedicated intranet section (this is currently brief and under review) Using internal media channels such as Yammer and newsletters opportunistically Participating in ANDS’ Project Columbus Data citation in CSIRO| Anne Stevenson 13 |

14. But … resistance and reservations “Do I publish my data then cite it in my journal article, or do I publish my journal article and then publish my data?” “I wouldn’t release the data before I publish the related article, would I?” Image: Turnauckas, Mark. Chicken And Egg, April 3, 2011. http://www.flickr.com/photos/marktee/5586165599/.http://www.flickr.com/photos/marktee/5586165599/ Data citation in CSIRO| Anne Stevenson 14 |

15. Challenges DOI management Researchers “get” DOIs; they understand their relevance & importance for publications – Natasha Simons However what about DOI minting level, –Object level or –Collection level, Changes to the data and dynamic data (Dynamic DOIs (DyDOIs) ?) Additions to the collection (e.g. time series) Collaborative data & CSIRO data stored outside CSIRO Data citation in CSIRO| Anne Stevenson 15 |

16. Challenges: Cultural change Tracking citations is a great objective, however it’s important that researchers are citing the data they use, and they aren’t necessarily aware that they should – Steve McEachern Pose the question in discussions with researchers: what happens if you can’t find your data? – Steve McEachern Data citation in CSIRO| Anne Stevenson 16 |

17. Challenges: Cultural change “In scholarly literature, whenever and wherever a claim relies upon data, the corresponding data should be cited.” Joint Declaration of Data Citation Principles – FINAL. 27 February 2014 https://www.force11.org/datacitation “ … is probably not enough for a study that leans significantly on another researcher’s hard-won data set to merely cite that researcher, perhaps depriving them of a publication.” “When a researcher relies on another’s data, for example, it should be standard practice to invite the data-providers to be co-authors.” Research communities need to agree on standard etiquette for data- sharing. Nature 507, 140, 13 March 2014. http://www.nature.com/news/share-alike-1.14850 Data citation in CSIRO| Anne Stevenson 17 |

18. Plans Include data collections/citations in internal assessments (Science reviews) and planning –Project proposals should include data management planning from start Expand intranet content on citing publications to include data Attempt to recruit “champions” as we are aware that researchers are more likely to hear this message from other researchers than from support staff Data citation in CSIRO| Anne Stevenson 18 |

19. Plans Communications –Link to publications AND data in media releases, news items –Use the Google Analytics reports to notify top- viewed, top-downloaded depositors –News items on data reuse Reviewing our DOI resolution to link to CSIRO data regardless of it’s location to ensure that ALL CSIRO data has the capability to be cited easily. Data citation in CSIRO| Anne Stevenson 19 |

20. Further plans: Connections Provenance and its relationship to citation –Work on integrating provenance into research and data workflow Software –Its relationship to the data. How it too can improve data use and thus citation rate –Software citation in relation to data citation In context exposure – increase likelihood of reuse => citation Linking up our systems –ePublish, DAP, Staff profiles, Research profiles –Automating feeds to other portals Data citation in CSIRO| Anne Stevenson 20 |

21. Anne Stevenson Cynthia Love David Benn Dominic Hogan Sue Cook Plus roving data advocate: John Morrissey Data citation in CSIRO| Anne Stevenson 21 | CSIRO Research Data Support Service

22. CSIRO IM&T Anne Stevenson Information Specialist t+61 2 4960 6087 eanne.stevenson@csiro.au wwww.csiro.au CSIRO INFORMATION MANAGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY Thank you