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Chapters 1 and 2
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Geography Study of the distribution and interaction of physical and human features on the earth
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5 Themes-Location “Where is it?” Absolute-exact Relative-comparative
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5 Themes-Place “What is it like?” Physical-landforms, climate Cultural-religion, traditions
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5 Themes-Region “How are places similar?” DFW North Texas
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5 Themes- Human-Environment Interaction “How do people interact with the environment?” Depend-rivers Modify-roads Adapt-clothes
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5 Themes- Movement “How do people, goods, and ideas move from place to place?” Technology is most important
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Equator An imaginary line that divides the earth into northern and southern halves
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Prime meridian Imaginary line dividing the earth into eastern and western halves
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Hemisphere Half of the earth Northern, southern, eastern, western
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Globe 3-Dimensional representation of earth Not portable
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Cartographer Person who makes maps Map is 2-D, distorts landmasses, and is portable
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Topographic Map Shows natural and man-made features on the earth
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Thematic Map Emphasizes specific information like climate or vegetation or population
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GIS-Geographic Information System A system that uses digital map information to create a databank Can add or remove different layers to highlight certain information
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Economic – financial issues, business Social – Culture, society Political – government, leaders Nature – Environment, resources, physical geography
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Chapter 2 Objective: Explain the physical forces that shape the Earth and how they affect people
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Hydrosphere Includes all water on earth Ocean=71% The Blue Planet
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Lithosphere The solid rock- portion of the earth’s surface Includes crust and upper most mantle
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Atmosphere The oxygen we breathe, protects earth from radiation, allows for weather and climate to occur
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Hydrologic Cycle Continuous circulation of water between earth, atmosphere and oceans
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Magma/Lava Molten Rock under/above surface
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Tectonic Plates Giant moving pieces of the earth’s crust
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Plate Movement Divergent-move apart, spreading horizontally Convergent-collide, one goes under or both crumple Transform-slide past one another
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Ring of Fire Zone around Pacific Ocean where most volcanoes and earthquakes occur
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Earthquake Violent movement of the earth’s crust
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Volcano Crack in the earth’s crust where molten rock exits Often on a mountain or bulge Violent
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Tsunami Giant wave usually caused by underwater earthquakes or volcanoes
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Destruction during Japanese Tsunami 2011
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Aftermath at vehicle shipping yard
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Weathering Process which acts upon the earth's surface to decompose and breakdown rocks and earth.
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Glacier Large, slow moving mass of ice. Moves because of gravity
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Erosion The movement of weathered material by wind, water, or ice
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