1. WARM UP #3 10/13 Name the 8 characteristics all living things have (from last class).

2. DISCUSSION Tell how each one uses organization: (name the sections) a. Grocery store b. Video store c. Library Why do places need to be organized and not have items just anywhere?

3. NOTES #2 10/13 CHAPTER 3 Classification

4. Classify  To put things into groups based on similarities  TAXONOMY – The science of classifying living things

5.  olive-backed forest robin, was found during a biodiversity expedition in Gabon. Scientists know little more about S. pyrrholaeumus other than it exists. olive-backed forest robin

6.  Leptotyphlops carlae was found in a patch of forest on the eastern side of Barbados. Thin as a spaghetti noodle and small enough to curl up on a quarter, it's believed to embody the evolutionary limits of snake smallness.

7.  Only three specimens of Martialis heureka have been found, all outside the Amazon jungle city of Manaus — but that's all scientists needed to trace a direct evolutionary lineage to the last known ancestor of all living ants, a subterranean creature that lived 120 million years ago. Martialis heureka

8.  grey-faced sengi Distant ancestor to elephants

9.  Myrmeconema neotropicum does something no other parasite can: mimic fruit. The abdomens of infected ants swell and turn bright red, making them easy targets for berry-hungry birds who then spread M. neotropicum's eggs in their droppings. Myrmeconema neotropicum

10.  Carpomys melanurus, or the greater dwarf cloud rat, found in the rain- forest treetops of the Philippines Carpomys melanurus

11.  Thawed from ice recovered two miles below the surface of a 120,000-year- old Greenland glacier, C. greenlandensi s appears unchanged by its time in deep-freeze.

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16.  A fossilized fish, found in Western Australia, is the oldest known vertebrate to give live birth. It is estimated to be 380 million years old and shows a mother fish giving birth. Pictured is an artist's impression of the birth.

17. Large DIVERSISTY of organisms: over 10 million organisms on earth! Nearly 70% of these are insects! 99% of all plant and animal species that have existed have already become extinct!

18. Why do we need to classify in science? 1. Show similarities between organisms 2. Show relationships between organisms 3. Easier to study and communicate information about organisms

19. VOCABULARY Unicellular – one cell Multicellular – many cells Heterotroph – eats other things for food Autotroph – makes its own food from sunlight

20.  Prokaryote – cell with no nucleus  Eukaryote – cell has nucleus

21. EVERY LIVING THING IS PUT INTO ONE OF FIVE GROUPS CALLED KINGDOMS BASED ON ITS CHARACTERISTICS

22. VIDEO: 5 kingdoms DURING THE VIDEO, fill out chart

23. Go to the back of your notes to fill out the chart

24. KINGDOMS 1. MONERA (eubacteria) * unicellular * prokaryote * most reproduce asexually – splitting (don’t need a male and a female) * mostly heterotrophic – (absorb food) EX: bacteria

25. OTHER FACTS:  The first living thing on earth was bacteria!  Main importance: to decompose/ break down dead material  Many can cause diseases: such as typhoid, cholera, tuberculosis, diphtheria, and pneumonia

26. 2. PROTISTA (250,000 species) * unicellular * eukaryote * mostly asexual reproduction * autotroph or heterotroph EX: algea, ameoba, paramecium

28. OTHER FACTS:  Found mostly in water  Importance: used in detergents, polishes, paint removers, insulators, fertilizers, deodorizers, plankton (food for marine animals) One type causes malaria

29. The next kingdom was added in 1969

30. 3. FUNGI (100,00) * mostly multicellular (except yeast) * eukaryote * reproduce by spores * most heterotrophic (breaks down and absorbs food) EX: mushrooms, fungus, mold yeast

32. FACTS: Importance: for decomposing dead organisms, helping plants grow, food, antibiotic Penicillin Negative: some can be poisonous, kills plants (crops), infections such as athletes foot, spoil food, cause allergies

34. Mold is used to make cheese, soy sauce

35. Yeast for making  Bread and beer and wine

36. 2. PLANT (350,000) * multicellular * eukaryotic with cell walls * autotrophic * sexual reproduction - seeds EX: moss, ferns, grass, trees

38. FACTS: IMPORTANCE: oxygen for us to breathe, food, clothing, shelter, medicines

39. 5. ANIMALIA (1,000,000) * multicellular * eukaryotic * heterotrophic * sexual reproduction * most complex EX: horse, dogs, birds, humans, bugs

40. NEW: 6 th kingdom ARCHAE - archaebacteria “living fossils” – date back 3.5 billion years ago Can live in extreme environments like volcanic hot springs or acid water

41. 1 st living thing - bacteria

43. WARM UP #3 10/6 5 pts 1. List the 5 kingdoms. 2. Which kingdom(s) is unicellular only? 3. What do you call a cell that has a true nucleus? 4. What do you call an animals that needs to eat food to survive? 5. What do the fungi and plant kingdoms have in common?

44. EACH OF THE 5 KINGDOMS ARE BROKEN DOWN INTO SMALLER GROUPS BASED ON WHAT THE ORGANISMS HAVE IN COMMON….

45. LEVELS OF CLASSIFICATION 1. Kingdom (largest group) 2. Phylum 3. Class 4. Order 5. Family 6. Genus 7. Species (smallest group - all the same type) Kings Play Chess On Flat Game Surfaces

47. LESS ORGANISMS IN A GROUP AS YOU GO DOWN The lower you go, the more related the organisms in the group are because they have more traits in common The last two groups, genus and species make up the scientific name

48. Canis lupus

49. Graptemys geographica

50. Mephitis mephitis

51. Bufo Americanus

52. Loxodonta africana

53. Ursus americanus

54. Gorilla gorilla

55. Panthera leo

56. Panthera onca

57. Apis mellifera

59. The classification of humans  Kingdom: Animalia  Phylum: Chordata  Class: Mammalia  Order: Primata  Family: Hominadae  Genus: Homo  Species: sapiens