1. Understanding Computers, 12 th Edition, Enhanced Chapter 16 1 Intellectual Property Rights, Ethics, Health, Access, and the Environment

2. Understanding Computers, 12 th Edition, Enhanced 2 Overview This chapter covers: Intellectual property rights A discussion of ethics, including ethical use of materials, resources, business practices, etc. The impact of computers on our health Access issues The impact of computers on our environment A look at legislation related to these issues

3. Understanding Computers, 12 th Edition, Enhanced 3 Intellectual Property Rights Copyrights —protect original artistic or literary works. Trademarks —protect identifying words, symbols, or designs. Patents —protect inventions.

4. Understanding Computers, 12 th Edition, Enhanced 4 Ethics Ethics—standards of moral conducts. Computer ethics Personal ethics Business ethics Ethical use of copyrighted material. Books and Web-based articles (plagiarism). Music and movies (fair use vs. illegal file sharing).

5. Examples of What Is/Is Not Ethical

6. Understanding Computers, 12 th Edition, Enhanced 6 Ethics, Cont’d. Ethical use of resources and information. Ethical use of school or company resources (codes of conduct, codes of ethics). Ethical use of employee and customer information. Cheating and falsifying information. Prevalence Academic honor codes

7. Understanding Computers, 12 th Edition, Enhanced 7 Ethics, Cont’d. Computer hoaxes and digital manipulation. Computer hoax—an inaccurate statement or story spread through the use of computers. Digital manipulation— digitally modifying text, images, photographs, music, and other content.

8. Understanding Computers, 12 th Edition, Enhanced 8 Ethics, Cont’d. Ethical business practices and decision making. Fraudulent reporting and other scandalous activities. Ethically questionable products or services. Vaporware and other ethically questionable misinformation. Workplace monitoring. Cultural considerations.

9. Understanding Computers, 12 th Edition, Enhanced 9 Computers and Health: Physical Health Common ailments: Repetitive stress injuries (RSIs)—Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Computer vision syndrome (CVS) Headaches, backaches, etc. Ergonomics—fitting a work environment to the people who work there.

11. Understanding Computers, 12 th Edition, Enhanced 11 Computers and Health: Physical Health, Cont’d. Workspace design: Permanent workspaces.

12. Understanding Computers, 12 th Edition, Enhanced 12 Computers and Health: Physical Health, Cont’d. Workspace design: While on the go and docking stations.

13. Understanding Computers, 12 th Edition, Enhanced 13 Computers and Health: Physical Health, Cont’d. Ergonomic hardware: Ergonomic keyboards and mice Keyboard drawers and wrist rests Document holders and antiglare screens Good user habits and precautions (frequent breaks, exercises, computer glasses, etc.).

15. Understanding Computers, 12 th Edition, Enhanced 15 Computer Health: Emotional Health Stress of-ever-changing technology Impact of our 24/7 society Information overload Burnout

16. Understanding Computers, 12 th Edition, Enhanced 16 Computer Health: Emotional Health, Cont’d. Computer and Internet addiction Computer addiction disorder (CAD) Internet addiction disorder (IAD) Symptoms and treatment

17. Understanding Computers, 12 th Edition, Enhanced 17 Access to Technology Digital divide—the gap between those who have access to technology and those who don’t. U.S. digital divide (differences by income, race, geographical area, education, etc.) Global digital divide (differences between countries).

18. Understanding Computers, 12 th Edition, Enhanced 18 Access to Technology, Cont’d. Assistive technology Assistive input systems (Braille keyboards, one-handed keyboards, head-pointing systems, etc.) Assistive output systems (screen reading software, Braille displays, Braille printers, etc.

20. Understanding Computers, 12 th Edition, Enhanced 20 Environmental Concerns Green computing Eco-labels and environmentally friendly hardware. Alternate power Electronic paper

21. Understanding Computers, 12 th Edition, Enhanced 21 Environmental Concerns Recycling and disposal of computing equipment E-trash Recycling options Other options (recharging toner cartridges, donating obsolete equipment, etc.)

22. Understanding Computers, 12 th Edition, Enhanced 22 Related Legislation Family Entertainment and Copyright, 2005 Communications Decency Act (overturned) Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998 Corporate Responsibility Act of 2002 Amendment to the Rehabilitation Act in 1998 National Computer Recycling Act, (under consideration since 2005)