1. WELCOME HELLO Hello

2. Brackets [ ]

3. 1. Brackets are used to indicate editorial corrections or explanations in quoted matter. He wrote: “One great poet of the Song dynasty [ su shi ] said that in Wang Wei’s poetry there was painting and in his paintings there was poetry.” He wrote: “One great poet of the Song dynasty [ su shi ] said that in Wang Wei’s poetry there was painting and in his paintings there was poetry.”

4. 2. Brackets are used to replace parentheses: William Strunk Jr. and E. B. White wrote a very useful little book for students learning to write (the Elements of Style [New York: Macmillan,1972]). William Strunk Jr. and E. B. White wrote a very useful little book for students learning to write (the Elements of Style [New York: Macmillan,1972]).

5. The Dash ( ) —

6. 1. The dash marks a break in thought or a change in tone: I went through a lot of terrible ordeals in those years – but who didn’t? He might do many good things for the people of the city – if he was elected.

7. 2.The dash indicates an unfinished or interrupted statement: “ My idea is – ” “ You want to quit, don ’ t you? ” “ My idea is – ” “ You want to quit, don ’ t you? ” “ This is really – really – disappointing. ” “ This is really – really – disappointing. ”

8. 3. The dash sets off a parenthetical element: Three countries – Spain, Italy and Hungary – abstained. Three countries – Spain, Italy and Hungary – abstained. His old problems – such as asthma and high blood pressure – are still worry him. His old problems – such as asthma and high blood pressure – are still worry him.

9. 4. The dash is sometimes used to introduce a final summarizing clause after a series of nouns that refer to the subject of the clause:  Poor management, insufficient supply of raw material, and shortage of skilled workers – these were the main clause of the failure of the factory.  Father, Mother, John and Susan – all were surprised by my announcement.

10. 5. Some writers use the dash just like quotation marks in a dialogue: – Have you seen my hat? – Have you seen my hat? – It is on the chair over there. – It is on the chair over there.

11. 6. The dash is sometimes used to introduce subheadings and authors after quotations: The Growth of Green Parties The Growth of Green Parties – A General Survey – A General Survey We learn from history that men never learn anything from history. We learn from history that men never learn anything from history. – Hegel – Hegel

12. The Slash ( / )

13. 1. The slash indicates alternatives  This university provides scholarships and/or loans.

14. The sentence means that this university provides scholarships or loans or both.  When students meet after the winter vacation,they often ask each other, “How was your Spring Festival (vacation/life at home)?”

15. 2. The slash is used to separate lines in short quotations of poetry being quoted in running text:

16. cc In this well – known poem Shelley wrote: “ Be through my lips to un-awakened earth/The trumpet of a prophecy! Oh, wind,/ If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind? ” In this well – known poem Shelley wrote: “ Be through my lips to un-awakened earth/The trumpet of a prophecy! Oh, wind,/ If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind? ”

17. 3. When fractions are written in a sentence, a slash is used to separate the numerator from the denominator: A kilometre is 31/50 of a mile. A kilometre is 31/50 of a mile.

18. 4. Sometimes the slash means “ per ” : Rent:50 yuan/sq.m. Rent:50 yuan/sq.m.

19. By 0603 group 3 By 0603 group 3