1. CHAPTER 6 PLANNING PROCESSES AND TECHNIQUES
BOH4M
CHAPTER 6
PLANNING PROCESSES AND TECHNIQUES
Lajipe Faleyimu

2. CHAPTER OVERVIEW Why and how do managers plan?
What types of plans do managers use?
What are the useful planning tools and techniques?
How can plans be well implemented?
Lajipe Faleyimu

3. Why and How Managers Plan
PLANNING – process of setting objectives and determining how to accomplish them.
OBJECTIVES – specific results that one wishes to achieve
PLAN – statement of intended means for accomplishing objectives
Lajipe Faleyimu

4. Why and How Managers Plan
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5. Why and How Managers Plan
Steps in the planning process
Define your objectives
Determine where you stand vis-a-vis objectives
Develop premises regarding future conditions
Analyze alternatives and make a plan
Implement the plan and evaluate results
Benefits of Planning
Personal time management tips fig 6.1
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6. PLANS USED BY MANAGERS Short-range and long-range plans
Short-range plans = 1 year or less
Intermediate-range plans = 1 to 2 years
Long-range plans = 3 or more years
Strategic and Tactical Plans
Operational plans
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7. PLANNING TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES
Forecasting – attempts to predict the future
Contingency planning – identifies alternative courses of action to take when things go wrong
Scenario planning – identifies alternative future scenarios and makes plans to deal with each other
Benchmarking – uses external and internal comparisons to plan for future improvements
Use of staff planners
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8. PLANS TO ACHIEVE RESULTS
Goal Setting – S.M.A.R.T
Goal Alignment
Management by Objectives (MBO)
Types
Criteria
Advantages
Pitfalls
Participation and Involvement
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9. REVIEW
Which step in the planning process is likely to cause the most difficulties for managers
Is there any real value to long-term planning in today’s rapidly changing environment?
Shouldn’t all plans really be contingency plans?
Given its potential advantages, why isn’t MBO standard practice in all organizations
Lajipe Faleyimu