1. Information Technology 資訊科技

2. What is IT? IT is all about the applications of wide variety of electronic technologies ( 電子科技 ) to the information-handling activities.

3. Information Technology enhancing ( 提高 ) our lifestyles. improving ( 改善 ) our living standards.

4. Artificial Intelligence (AI) ( 人工智能 ) Commercial Applications ( 商業應用 ) Industrial Applications ( 工業應用 ) Educational Applications ( 教育應用 ) Other Applications ( 其它應用 ) Information Technology

5. Artificial Intelligence ( 人工智能 ) develop machines that are intelligent. simulation of human intelligence. These processes include –learning –reasoning –self-correction

6. Some Areas of Artificial Intelligence Research Expert Systems Natural Language Processing Simulation of human sensory capabilities Robots Computer Vision Artificial Intelligence

7. Expert System ( 專家系統 ) it is a computer program contains a knowledge base and a set of rules infers new facts from knowledge base and incoming data. e.g., medical diagnosis

8. Expert System Components Inference Engine ( 推論引擎 ) Knowledge Base ( 知識庫 ) Explanation Module Natural Language Processor a means for user to communicate with the expert system. contains rules and data which are obtained from human experts. a program that draws conclusions from user’s questions. a program that explains why such a conclusion is drawn.

9. Several Limitations in Expert System limited by the knowledge base; cannot really ‘think’ like human; experts may disagree on many subjects so that forming definite rules for expert systems is impossible. many experts cannot express their expertise in making a judgement as a set of rules.

10. Robotics ( 機械化 ) It is the technology of building and using robots with artificial intelligence and computer controlled human-like capabilities.

11. Robots ( 機械人 ) are used in factories to increase productivity and cut cost by replacing human in doing regular, repetitious, and boring jobs. Robots are very suitable to do jobs that are too dangerous for humans.

12. Commercial Applications ( 商業應用 ) computers can help reduce manual work cut the cost of routine jobs. Example –Accounting software –Telecommunications –Personal Information Manager –Project Management software

13. Electronic Meeting e.g., video conferencing 視像會議 Electronic Processing e.g., online transaction (e-Banking, PPS) Electronic Communication e.g., Email, fax, etc. Business Telecommunications Applications ( 商業電訊應用 )

14. Personal Information Manager (PIM) 個人資料管理軟件 helping users to –storing, –organising and –retrieving data –in the form of notes, lists, clipping, tables, memos, letters, reports, etc. e.g., Agenda and Organizer by Lotus Development

15. Project Management Software assisting knowledge workers to schedule a business project and controlling the project.

16. Industrial Applications ( 工業應用 ) Computer-Aided Design (CAD) ( 電腦輔助設計 ) –program that allows users to design products on computer screen Computer-Aid Manufacturing (CAM) ( 電腦輔助生產 ) –CAM software uses data & specification from CAD software to build products

17. Educational Applications IT has a great impact on education. –teaching materials preparation –actual teaching process –school administration Multimedia & Computer Aided Learning ( 多媒體輔 助教學 ) –multimedia has the advantages of transferring information through more than one media at a time (e.g., sound, animated picture, text, etc.)

18. Educational Applications It is an INTERACTIVE software to aid the learning of a particular subject, which includes a tutorial program to guide the users to go through the basic terms and concepts…etc.. The multimedia technology also made possible the intensive use of computer-aided learning (CAL) ( 電 腦輔助學習 ) packages.

19. Other Applications Household Applications Home Finances Computer Games Embedded System 內置系統 Work at Home Computerised Home 電腦化家居 Movie Production

20. Reference ASL Computer Concepts, Ch. 4 (p. 51 - 76)

21. Question 1 What are the major components of an “Expert System”? Give THREE limitations of current expert system.

22. Question 2 What is meant by multimedia and how useful it is in educational applications?