1. Bill of Rights The first 10 amendments to the Constitution

2. Why a bill of rights? Added to the Constitution because Anti- federalists felt that certain protections were needed to ensure that the government couldn’t take away basic rights

3. 1 st amendment The 1st Amendment protects the people's right to practice religion to speak freely to assemble (meet) to address the government (petition) the press to publish (newspapers, TV, radio, Internet)

4. 1 st amendment controversies Speech restrictions  Clear and present danger Can’t yell fire in a crowded room Can’t threaten someone  Time, place, manner restrictions Can’t say certain things in public Curse, lewd language  Symbolic speech Flag burning is legal and protected as free speech, only way it could be changed would be through a constitutional amendment  Student speech Tinker v. DeMiones – nondisruptive speech aloud Bethel v. Frazier- lewd speech not protected Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier – school can restrict written speech

5. 2 nd amendment The 2nd Amendment protects the right to own guns..

6. 2 nd amendment and NJ Restrictions on right to bear arms  Age restrictions  States issue their own restrictions Concealed weapons NJ is a “may issue” state : the state can issue a permit to carry a concealed weapon to the following 2 groups  Professionals who need a gun can carry one to and from work out of plain view  Security guards, police, and other officials may carry concealed weapons  Wait time At least 3 months with the background checks Mental health, domestic violence, criminal record – you can be rejected for an of these

7. 3 rd amendment The 3rd Amendment guarantees that the army cannot force homeowners to give them room and board

8. 4 th amendment The 4th Amendment protects the people from the government improperly taking property, papers, or people, without a valid warrant based on probable cause (good reason).

9. 4 th amendment and suspected terrorists Terrorism and privacy  Searches : computer, library books, airports  Phone taps: warrantless taps  Profiling: should we target certain groups for increased scrutiny?

10. 5 th amendment The 5th Amendment protects people from being held for committing a crime unless they are properly indicted, (accused) You may not be tried twice for the same crime (double jeopardy) You don’t have to testify against yourself

11. 6 th amendment The 6th Amendment guarantees a speedy trial an impartial jury that the accused can confront witnesses against them the accused must be allowed to have a lawyer

12. 7 th amendment The right to a trial by jury in civil cases  Cases where one person tries to get reparations from another for a perceived wrong doing Money, property, ect Think of the judge shows on TV

13. 8 th amendment The 8th Amendment guarantees that punishments will be fair, and not cruel, and that extraordinarily large fines will not be set.

14. 8 th amendment and the Death Penalty NJ and 14 other states currently do not have the death penalty. Alaska 1957, Hawaii 1948, Iowa 1965, Maine 1887, Massachusetts 1984, Michigan 1846, Minnesota 1911, North Dakota 1973, Rhode Island 1984, Vermont 1964, West Virginia 1965, Wisconsin 1853, Washington, DC 1981, New Jersey 2007, New Mexico 2009 Is it cruel and unusual punishment? Should it be allowed as a punishment for certain crimes?  Fl, Missouri, and federal gov’t allow it for drug trafficking  Several states allow it for child rape if it is the 2 nd offense

15. 9 th amendment Rights not specifically listed in the Constitution cannot be denied to the people of the U.S. Cited in Supreme Court cases that allowed for open access to contraceptives and a woman’s right to have an abortion

16. 10 th amendment The 10th Amendment states that any power not granted to the federal government belongs to the states or to the people.