1. 2 D IMENSIONAL D ESIGN D ESIGN B ASICS

2. C HAPTER 2: UNITY/HARMONY Unity is the presentation of an integrated image a congruity or agreement exists among the elements in a design They look as though they belong together Harmony is another term for the same idea If various elements are not harmonious, if they appear separate or unrelated, your pattern falls apart and lacks unity Composition is another term for “design” which implies a feeling of organization. Unity of design or composition is controlled by the artist.

3. I N V ISUAL U NITY THE WHOLE MUST BE PREDOMINANT OVER THE PARTS : YOU MUST SEE THE WHOLE PATTERN BEFORE YOU NOTICE THE INDIVIDUAL ELEMENTS. Wayne Thiebaud “Lipstick” 1964 Wayne Thiebaud cake slices 1960s

4. C OLLAGE FOR N ATIONAL G EOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE 1988 The collage to the left is also an example of a unified design. It has diverse elements, but we are first aware of the total pattern they make together and then we begin to enjoy the items separately.

5. GESTALT Gestalt theory is a study in the area of visual perception. (A German word for “form”). It is believed that the designer’s job in creating visual unity is made easier by the fact that the viewer is actually LOOKING for some form of organization, something to relate the various elements. The viewer does not want to see confusion or unrelated chaos. The designer must provide some clue, but the viewer is already attempting to find some coherent pattern and unity. An organized “whole”.

6. WAYS TO ACHIEVE UNITY

7. Proximity - putting the elements close together. Proximity is the simplest way to achieve unity. Repetition - something that repeats various parts of the design to relate the parts to each other. Thomas P. Anshuts The Ironworkers’ Noontime 1880 Edgar Degas The Millinery Shop 1884-1890

8. C ARMEN L OMAS G ARZA C UMPLEANAS 2003 WAYS TO ACHIEVE UNITY Continuation - something continues- usually a line, an edge, or a direction from one form to another- so that the viewers eye is carried smoothly from one to the next

9. WAYS TO ACHIEVE UNITY Continuity - the planned arrangement of various forms so that their edges are lined up-hence forms are “continuous” from one to another within a design. An aid often used in such serial designs is the grid.