1. End Show Slide 1 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 1-3 Studying Life

2. End Show 1-3 Studying Life Slide 2 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Characteristics of Living Things What are some characteristics of living things?

3. End Show 1-3 Studying Life Slide 3 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Characteristics of Living Things No single characteristic is enough to describe a living thing. Some nonliving things share one or more traits with living things.

4. End Show 1-3 Studying Life Slide 4 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Characteristics of Living Things Living things share the following characteristics: made up of units called cells reproduce based on a universal genetic code grow and develop obtain and use materials and energy respond to their environment maintain a stable internal environment change over time

5. Slide 5 of 45 Characteristics of Living Things Living things are made up of cells. A cell is the smallest unit of an organism that can be considered alive. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

6. Slide 6 of 45 Characteristics of Living Things  Living things reproduce.  In sexual reproduction, cells from two different parents unite to form the first cell of the new organism.  In asexual reproduction, a single parent produces offspring that are identical to itself. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

7. Slide 7 of 45 Characteristics of Living Things  Living things grow and develop.  During an organism’s development, cells differentiate, which means that the cells look different from one another and perform different functions. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

8. Slide 8 of 45 Characteristics of Living Things  Living things are based on a universal genetic code.  Organisms store the information they need to live, grow, and reproduce in a genetic code in a molecule called DNA. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

9. Slide 9 of 45 Characteristics of Living Things  Living things obtain materials and use energy.  The combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials is called metabolism. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

10. Slide 10 of 45 Characteristics of Living Things  Living things respond to their environment.  A stimulus is a signal to which an organism responds. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

11. Slide 11 of 45 Characteristics of Living Things  Living things maintain a stable internal environment.  Although conditions outside an organism may change, conditions inside an organism tend to remain constant.  This process is called homeostasis. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

12. Slide 12 of 45 Characteristics of Living Things  Taken as a group, livings things change over time. Over many generations, groups of organisms typically evolve. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

13. End Show 1-3 Studying Life Slide 13 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Big Ideas in Biology Science as a Way of Knowing Science is not just a list of “facts.” The job of science is to use observations, questions, and experiments to explain the natural world.

14. End Show 1-3 Studying Life Slide 14 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Big Ideas in Biology Interdependence in Nature All forms of life on Earth are connected together into a biosphere, which literally means “living planet.” The relationship between organsims and their enviroment depends on both the flow of energy and the cycling of matter.

15. End Show 1-3 Studying Life Slide 15 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Big Ideas in Biology Matter and Energy Life’s most basic requirements are matter that serves as nutrients to build body structure and energy to fuel the processes of life.

16. End Show 1-3 Studying Life Slide 16 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Big Ideas in Biology Cellular Basis of Life Organisms are composed of one or more cells, which are the smallest units that can be considered fully alive.

17. End Show 1-3 Studying Life Slide 17 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Big Ideas in Biology Information and Heredity Life’s processes are directed by information carried in a genetic code that is common, with minor variations, to every organism on Earth. That information, carried in DNA, is copied and passed from parents to offspring.

18. End Show 1-3 Studying Life Slide 18 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Big Ideas in Biology Unity and Diversity of Life All living things are fundamentally alike at the molecular level, even though life takes an almost unbelievable variety of forms.

19. End Show 1-3 Studying Life Slide 19 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Big Ideas in Biology Evolution In biology, evolution, or the change in living things through time, explains inherited similarities as well as the diversity of life.

20. End Show 1-3 Studying Life Slide 20 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Big Ideas in Biology Structure and Function Structures evolve in ways that make particular functions possible, allowing organisms to adapt to a wide range of environments.

21. End Show 1-3 Studying Life Slide 21 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Big Ideas in Biology Homeostasis An organism’s ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment in the face of changing external conditions is vital to its survival.

22. End Show 1-3 Studying Life Slide 22 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Big Ideas in Biology Science, Technology, and Society Science seeks to provide useful information, but only a public that truly understands science and how it works can determine how that information should be applied.

23. End Show 1-3 Studying Life Slide 23 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Branches of Biology There a many branches of biology. For example: Zoologists study animals. Botanists study plants. Paleontologists study ancient life.

24. End Show 1-3 Studying Life Slide 24 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Branches of Biology How can life be studied at different levels?

25. End Show 1-3 Studying Life Slide 25 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Branches of Biology Some of the levels at which life can be studied include: molecules cells organisms populations of a single kind of organism communities of different organisms in an area the biosphere

26. Slide 26 of 45 Branches of Biology  Biosphere  The part of Earth that contains all ecosystems Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

27. Slide 27 of 45  Ecosystem  Community and its nonliving surroundings Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Hawk, snake, bison, prairie dog, grass, stream, rocks, air

28. Slide 28 of 45  Community  Populations that live together in a defined area Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Hawk, snake, bison, prairie dog, grass

29. Slide 29 of 45 Branches of Biology  Population  Group of organisms of one type that live in the same area Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Bison herd

30. Slide 30 of 45 Branches of Biology  Organism  Individual living thing Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Bison

31. Slide 31 of 45 Branches of Biology  Groups of Cells  Tissues, organs, and organ systems Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Nervous tissue Brain Nervous system

32. Slide 32 of 45 Branches of Biology  Cells  Smallest functional unit of life Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Nerve cell

33. Slide 33 of 45 Branches of Biology  Molecules  Groups of atoms; smallest unit of most chemical compounds Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Water DNA

34. Slide 34 of 45 Branches of Biology  At all these levels, smaller living systems are found within larger systems. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

35. End Show 1-3 Studying Life Slide 35 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Biology in Everyday Life More than any other area of study, biology touches your life every day.

36. Slide 36 of 45 Biology in Everyday Life  Biology provides information about the food you need and the methods for sustaining the world’s food supplies.  Biology describes the conditions of good health and the behaviors and diseases that can harm you. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

37. Slide 37 of 45 Biology in Everyday Life  Biology is used to diagnose and treat medical problems.  Biology identifies environmental factors that might threaten you. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

38. Slide 38 of 45 Biology in Everyday Life  Biology helps you understand what effects the quality of your life.  Biology provides decision makers with useful information and analytical skills needed to predict and effect the future of the planet. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

39. End Show - or - Continue to: Click to Launch: Slide 39 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 1-3

40. End Show Slide 40 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 1-3 An increase in size is known as a.growth. b.metabolism. c.development. d.differentiation.

41. End Show Slide 41 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 1-3 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all living things? a.use of energy b.made of cells c.stable internal environment d.need for oxygen

42. End Show Slide 42 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 1-3 Which of the following are branches in the study of biology? a.cells, tissues, organs, and organisms b.botany, cell biology, ecology, and zoology c.populations, communities, and ecosystems d.the genetic code, evolution, and the biosphere

43. End Show Slide 43 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 1-3 The genetic code is carried in a.Water. b.DNA. c.proteins. d.soil.

44. End Show Slide 44 of 45 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 1-3 Which of the following shows the levels of organization in correct order from the simplest to the most complex? a.organisms, cells, populations, molecules, ecosystems b.ecosystems, populations, organisms, cells, molecules c.molecules, cells, organisms, populations, ecosystems d.molecules, organisms, cells, populations, ecosystems

45. END OF SECTION