1. Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions.
1. Building (DNA Polymerase)
2. Tearing apart (enzymes in stomach)
Most have an –ase ending.
Amylase – digests carbohydrates
Lipase – digests lipids

2. Enzymes convert substrate (starting material) to products.
- Lock and Key model
Substrate and active site must fit together.

3. Enzymes characteristics:
Require a specific substrate.
Require a specific temperature.
Require specific environment.
4. NOT used up in the reaction.

4. Specific environment can be:
1. Acidic (ex. Stomach)
2. Basic (ex. Small Intestines)
Therefore, stomach acid and bile are very helpful in providing the correct chemical environment for enzymes to work.

5. Acid:
1. Gastric acid in stomach.
2. Contains HCl.
Bile:
1. Secreted by the liver, stored in gall bladder.
2. “Emulsifies fats” Dissolves fats NOT DIGEST.

6. of fats in the digestive system.
Lipase is an enzyme
that digests fat.
Bile is a solution
that emulsifies fats.
Together, they speed
up the breakdown
of fats in the digestive
system.
Tootsie Roll Pop Commercial
How does bile help?