1. ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT ORGANISATION DE COOPÉRATION ET DE DEVELOPMENT ÉCONOMIQUES OECDOCDE 1 Entrepreneurship International Sources of Data EIP Staff Statistics directorate OECD Entrepreneurship Indicators Steering Group Rome 5/6 December 2006

2. EIP Staff, Statistics Directorate, OECD Collection of data 2005: EIP Starts collecting data on entrepreneurship 2005: EIP Starts collecting data on entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship has driven interests from various organisations for a long time Entrepreneurship has driven interests from various organisations for a long time Link with economic growth and stability of economies Link with economic growth and stability of economies Ex: EU Objective: foster entrepreneurship Definition of entrepreneurship; evolution and multiple facets (OECD definitions) Definition of entrepreneurship; evolution and multiple facets (OECD definitions) Main elements for a definition: start-up rates and high growth Main elements for a definition: start-up rates and high growth

3. EIP Staff, Statistics Directorate, OECD List of various sources Nature of sources: private/ public sector, statistics, surveys Nature of sources: private/ public sector, statistics, surveys List of international sources: 2 sets of data List of international sources: 2 sets of data World Bank World Bank Global Entrepreneurship Monitor GEM Global Entrepreneurship Monitor GEM The European Union with two main surveys: Eurobarometer of the EC and Factors of Business Success for Eurostat The European Union with two main surveys: Eurobarometer of the EC and Factors of Business Success for Eurostat FORA: The National Agency for Enterprise and Constructions Division for Research and Analysis FORA: The National Agency for Enterprise and Constructions Division for Research and Analysis

4. EIP Staff, Statistics Directorate, OECD List of various sources Harmonisation of definitions: Harmonisation of definitions: EIM from Netherlands (harmonisation of self- employment data) EIM from Netherlands (harmonisation of self- employment data) OECD Directorates: OECD Directorates: - Statistics Directorate (business statistics and business demography statistics - STI Directorate ( ICCP Indicators: Innovation, R&D, investment)

5. EIP Staff, Statistics Directorate, OECD World Bank Group 1. Doing Business Database Study of business environment: law and regulations Study of business environment: law and regulations Remove administrative burdens and create incentives Remove administrative burdens and create incentives 2. SME across the Globe: A new Database, 2003 Measuring the SME sector: Measuring the SME sector: - New indicators: share of SMEs in the total labour force with 250 employees (consistent measure of firm size) - share of SMEs in the total labour force with 250 employees based on national definitions (100 to 500) - issues of comparability

6. EIP Staff, Statistics Directorate, OECD World Bank Group Quality business environment indicator: aggregate measure of entry and exit costs, contract enforcement, property rights protection, business registration level, insolvency etc Quality business environment indicator: aggregate measure of entry and exit costs, contract enforcement, property rights protection, business registration level, insolvency etc Positive relationship business environment/ size of SME sector Positive relationship business environment/ size of SME sector An effective business environment generates growth An effective business environment generates growth

7. EIP Staff, Statistics Directorate, OECD World Bank Group 3. The importance of the business environment - Definition of entrepreneurship: the effort an individual or a group makes to initiate an economic activity under a legal form of business within the formal sector - New data on entry rates and business density

8. EIP Staff, Statistics Directorate, OECD Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Measure entrepreneurship and identify policies Entrepreneurship as a life cycle Measurement: TEA: Total Entrepreneurship Activity - -Nascent entrepreneurs ( less than 3 months) - - New businesses (more than 3 months but less than 42) Established businesses Limits of the study - - Sample issues - - Opinion based indicators

9. EIP Staff, Statistics Directorate, OECD The European Union Eurobarometer: Entrepreneurship as personal fulfilment and social objectives. - April 2004, 29 countries and sample of ~ 20 000 people - Gathered data on perception of entrepreneurship in terms of preferences - Analysis of EU vs. USA - EU: employees, stability, security - USA: self employed, full achievement

10. EIP Staff, Statistics Directorate, OECD The European Union Eurostat: The Factor of Business Success ( ISTAT Seminar) Eurostat: The Factor of Business Success ( ISTAT Seminar) - 15 European countries, July 2005- Jan 2006 - Determine the factors of success and growth of newly born enterprises, motivations for starting up ones own business, barriers and risks - Questions on entrepreneurs profile, business characteristics (turnover and employees), business strategy. - Results released in November 2006

11. EIP Staff, Statistics Directorate, OECD EIM Specific work on Self Employment Data and Definitions financed by the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs Specific work on Self Employment Data and Definitions financed by the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs Compendia Database: Uniformed data on Entrepreneurship for 23 countries over the period 1972- 2002 Compendia Database: Uniformed data on Entrepreneurship for 23 countries over the period 1972- 2002 Two-yearly data on the number of non agricultural business owners and the size of the labour force Two-yearly data on the number of non agricultural business owners and the size of the labour force Based on OECD Labour Force Statistics readjusted Based on OECD Labour Force Statistics readjusted

12. EIP Staff, Statistics Directorate, OECD OECD Directorates Statistics Directorate, Business Statistics Statistics Directorate, Business Statistics - 3 databases - Business demography statistics: implementation of a framework and collaboration with Eurostat Science, Technology and Industry (STI) Scoreboard 2005 Science, Technology and Industry (STI) Scoreboard 2005 Measures of output, labour input, investment and international trade by economic activity productivity growth, competitiveness and general structural change. good indicator of entrepreneurial capacity of countries

13. EIP Staff, Statistics Directorate, OECD Conclusion Future Work: compilation of existing data Future Work: compilation of existing data requires harmonisation of data requires harmonisation of data Gaps and Needs for international data Gaps and Needs for international data Establish priorities and new collection Establish priorities and new collection QUESTIONS ?