1. US Army Corps of Engineers BUILDING STRONG ® America’s Water Resources Infrastructure: A View to the Future Presentation to National Waterways Conference Steven L. Stockton, P.E. Director of Civil Works U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 24 September 2009 Building Strong

2. BUILDING STRONG ® 2 Water Resources Challenges Demographic shifts World population to increase 2.2 billion by 2025 U.S. population to reach 440 million by 2050 Population more urbanized, concentrated in coastal communities at risk from severe weather and lack of fresh water Persistent Conflict Population growth leads to increased demand for scarce water, environmental degradation >900 million people without access to clean water >2.5 billion without adequate sanitation Terrorist threat – need to protect infrastructure from attack U.S. role to promote regional stability County Growth, 2000-05 Areas with significant water issues

3. BUILDING STRONG ® 3 Water Resources Challenges Aging Infrastructure ASCE overall grade of U.S. infrastructure in 2009:“D” Would need $2.2 trillion to fix Over half of Corps locks, many other facilities, beyond 50-year “design life, need extensive maintenance & rehabilitation Failure poses risk to populations, economy Globalization Foreign trade is increasing share of U.S. economy – could reach 30% by 2010 Inability of ports and inland waterways to handle greater cargoes could limit economy. Energy Development of hydropower as clean source Role of waterways in transport of coal, petroleum and natural gas Volumes of water needed for new sources

4. BUILDING STRONG ® 4 Water Resources Challenges Environmental Values Pressure from increased development impacts natural environment Developing sustainable water resources will require cultural shift, lifestyle changes as well as technical innovation Climate Change Earlier spring snowmelts, river pulses seen in western U.S. Potential to affect all aspects of water resource management May exacerbate water scarcities, lead to increased conflict over uses. Declining Biodiversity 3 times as many freshwater species as land species lost to extinction Need for habitat restoration

5. BUILDING STRONG ® 5 Increasing Demand for Water Water Resources Challenges

6. BUILDING STRONG ® 6 Water Resources Challenges Governance Determining proper roles for Federal, State, local and non-government entities Gaps in jurisdiction as watersheds cross political boundaries Perceived lack of national direction on water resource issues Continued Pressure on Federal Budget More older people = more entitlement spending, less available for discretionary programs Rigorous analysis needed to ensure projects and programs are prioritized to ensure greatest value for taxpayer funds Legislative Changes Changes in legislation and appropriations have major effect on how soon goals can be achieved. Uncertainty requires flexibility.

7. BUILDING STRONG ® 7 Current Initiatives Strategic Plan (2010-2014) –Goal: Delivery of innovative & sustainable solutions to Nation’s water resources challenges –4 goals & 6 cross-cutting themes FY11 Budget Initiatives –Key Theme – Integrated Water Resources Management –Improve efficiency & effectiveness of CW Program –Alternative financing initiatives –Both completion of projects & new starts –More to follow from Gary Loew

8. BUILDING STRONG ® 8 Delivering Enduring, Essential Water Resources Solutions Delivering Enduring, Essential Water Resources Solutions Safe, Resilient Communities & Infrastructure Sustaining a Competent Team Effective, Reliable, Adaptive Life-Cycle Project Performance Sustainable Water Resources, Marine Transportation Systems & Healthy Aquatic Ecosystems Our Goals:

9. BUILDING STRONG ® 9 How We Achieve Our Goals Integrated Water Resource Management Systems Approach Collaboration & Partnering Risk-Informed Decision Making & Communication Adaptive Management State-of-the Art Technology

10. BUILDING STRONG ® 10 Systems Approach Look at river basins, watersheds and coastal zones as a whole Shift focus from individual projects to interdependent system Shift from immediate to long- term solutions Recognize that any single action triggers one or more responses and reactions in other parts of the system

11. BUILDING STRONG ® 11 Collaboration & Partnering Allow multiple organizations to contribute to problem-solving Leverage funding, data and talent –Efficiencies, given scarce resources –Sophisticated state and interstate organizations –Tribes, local governments, non-governmental organizations –Public-Private Partnerships

12. BUILDING STRONG ® 12 Risk-Informed Decision Making & Communication Consequence analysis, especially risks to populations Forestall possible failure mechanisms Quantify & communicate residual risk Ask which projects will fail to perform as designed, the likelihood of failure, and the consequences Recognize limits in disaster prediction Recognize limits in protection provided by structural means

13. BUILDING STRONG ® 13 Adaptive Management Principle commonly used in ecosystem restoration Measure responses to interventions within systems to adjust planning, construction and operations in response to changing conditions.

14. BUILDING STRONG ® 14 State-of-the Art Technology Research that improves resiliency of structures Updated design criteria Improved approaches to planning & design Take advantage of advances in communication, information access, remote sensing, GIS’s & nanotechnology Coastal & River Information System

15. BUILDING STRONG ® 15 “Building Strong Relationships for a Sustainable Water Resources Future”: Project Goals Present critical national and regional water resources needs Present opportunities for improving efficiency and effectiveness of Federal water programs Raise awareness within the Administration of water resources challenges and opportunities Assess the need for a National Water Vision Recommend strategies for action Move the Nation toward Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM). Highlight tools that are in, or could be included in, a Federal Support Toolbox to assist States in IWRM

16. BUILDING STRONG ® 16 Future Initiatives Water Resources Development Act (WRDA) 2010? –Focus: Legislative actions to simplify the CW project delivery process. –Goal: Creation of a process that retains the robustness of the current Civil Works delivery model and removes the unnecessary complications (time and expense) of today’s process –End Product: A predictable and manageable Civil Works program that is NOT simply a collection of federal projects –Some Other Initial Ideas include: Levee Safety Act, Feasibility Cost-Sharing (Revisited), Alternative Financing –Status: soliciting ideas from the field and stakeholders Need your support on all Current and Future Initiatives!

17. BUILDING STRONG ® 17 US Army Corps of Engineers BUILDING STRONG ®

18. 18 The Way Ahead Prepare a National Report for Administration and Congress’ action—Jan 2010Prepare a National Report for Administration and Congress’ action—Jan 2010 Recommendations and actions for implementationRecommendations and actions for implementation Move Nation toward IWRM--A planning and management approach to solve water problemsMove Nation toward IWRM--A planning and management approach to solve water problems Develop a national water vision and supporting policies and strategiesDevelop a national water vision and supporting policies and strategies Improve data exchange and technology transfer across the Nation in support of IWRMImprove data exchange and technology transfer across the Nation in support of IWRM Develop the Federal support toolbox (IWRSS as possible prototype)Develop the Federal support toolbox (IWRSS as possible prototype) Enhance water resources leadership and educationEnhance water resources leadership and education Build a robust collaborative support systemBuild a robust collaborative support system Assemble national and regional teams to work on implementing actionsAssemble national and regional teams to work on implementing actions Foster a holistic approach to Water Resources challengesFoster a holistic approach to Water Resources challenges Develop new infrastructure investment strategiesDevelop new infrastructure investment strategies

19. BUILDING STRONG ® 19 A Federal Family Toolbox Develop the Nation’s “will” to offer the States a more robust assistance through collaborative alliances and relationships Work with States for more integrated and balanced water plans Unify visions for Administration and Congress to determine that water resources planning and infrastructure are national priorities Leverage existing toolbox of current resources across Federal agencies Enhance the Federal family toolbox with regional interstate organizations, NGOs and other Federal agencies WaterWater

20. BUILDING STRONG ® 20 Accomplish USACE missions Support FEMA *Emergency Support Function (ESF) #3 Public Works & Engineering Support the Department of Defense Disaster Preparedness & Response Water Resources Challenges Faster & Better Information & Communication Technology

21. BUILDING STRONG ® 21 Sustainable resourcesSustainable resources –Ecological –Financial –Political Support Assistance in planning aAssistance in planning a comprehensive and long-term water future water future Reliable water supply for growthReliable water supply for growth and development Protection of critical water infrastructureProtection of critical water infrastructure Ability to depend on Federal disaster assistanceAbility to depend on Federal disaster assistance Sustainable resourcesSustainable resources –Ecological –Financial –Political Support Assistance in planning aAssistance in planning a comprehensive and long-term water future water future Reliable water supply for growthReliable water supply for growth and development Protection of critical water infrastructureProtection of critical water infrastructure Ability to depend on Federal disaster assistanceAbility to depend on Federal disaster assistance IWRM States, Tribes, and Localities Say They Need: Collaborative Partnerships

22. BUILDING STRONG ® 22 Water conflicts will persist Responsibility will continue to be shared Improved intergovernmental cooperation is essential Improved water resources planning is critical States must do the lion’s share of water resources planning There is a Federal interest in supporting state water resources planning The Corps will benefit from supporting water resources planning The Corps and Interstate entities can support state water resources planning with states in the lead Operating Premises

23. BUILDING STRONG ® 23 Examples of Collaborative Partnerships “Building Strong Relationships for a Sustainable Water Resources Future” Project Climate change initiative Risk management Shared Vision Planning Regulatory streamlining - EPA Focus collaboration efforts – NRCS GIS Management decision tool

24. BUILDING STRONG ® 24 New Thinking FocusFromTo SUCCESS = SUCCESS = CRITERIA CRITERIA WORK WORK KNOWLEDGE KNOWLEDGE STYLE STYLE MONEY MONEY LIFE CYCLE LIFE CYCLE ProjectsProjects NED benefits 1stNED benefits 1st Stay in your functional laneStay in your functional lane Knowledge is powerKnowledge is power Follow SOPs as recipesFollow SOPs as recipes Save Federal $Save Federal $ Plan and buildPlan and build Comprehensive PlansComprehensive Plans More balanced NED, RED, EQ, OSE benefitsMore balanced NED, RED, EQ, OSE benefits Seek horizontal integrationSeek horizontal integration Share knowledgeShare knowledge Think creatively, consider risks, think systemsThink creatively, consider risks, think systems Leverage resourcesLeverage resources Plan, fund, monitor for full project life cyclePlan, fund, monitor for full project life cycle

25. BUILDING STRONG ® 25 Stronger partnerships for collaborative problem solvingStronger partnerships for collaborative problem solving A comprehensive strategy to inform and educateA comprehensive strategy to inform and educate Smarter regional planningSmarter regional planning Advocacy for critical national water needsAdvocacy for critical national water needs Joint efforts/resources to achieve common goalsJoint efforts/resources to achieve common goals Life-cycle approach from holistic assessment through O&MLife-cycle approach from holistic assessment through O&M Risk-based managementRisk-based management Resilient water infrastructureResilient water infrastructure A Picture of the Future ….

26. BUILDING STRONG ® 26 What can we do now, within exiting authorities, to foster Integrated Water Recourses (IWRM) Management? What are the products of such planning? How they compare with how we define success? What is the Federal role in watershed- system planning an approach under IWRM? How can we incentivize this approach (look at cost-sharing formulas)? Something to Think About What can we do with cost-sharing to promote greater interest in watershed plans among authorizers? What case studies do we have to show value to the nation from this approach and what models should we promote?

27. BUILDING STRONG ® 27 Supporting Our Water Future: What Has Been Done? Reviewed and summarized 50 States’ and 6 River Basin Commissions’ water plans –Summary Reports for each State’s water plans –Conducted interviews with State officials –3 Regional Reports highlighting trends, themes, needs, and challenges---under review and validation Reviewed and summarized major water management programs of Federal agencies –Summary Report of authorities, focus areas, programmatic initiatives, collaboration/partnerships, of Federal agencies –Began development of Federal Toolbox