1. St. Thomas Aquinas By: Angela Mihajlovska And Kristina Niceski

2. The Four Kinds of Law St. Thomas Aquinas developed four kinds of law, through adapting Aristotle's thoughts, in regards to Christian philosophy They were Eternal Law Natural Law Divine Positive Law Human Positive Law

3. Eternal Law “ Eternal law is the body of laws by which God created the universe and keeps things in operation.” This law, will never change and it extends outside of time. Aquinas claimed that humans would never be able to understand this law, because they could never understand the mind of God.

4. Natural Law This is the law to which humans are only capable of understanding We know these laws because of reason, and we abide by them because we see them being practiced in our environment. E.g. Parents should care for their children People should do no harm to others.

5. Divine Positive Law This type of law has been taken from old scriptures Includes the :Ten Commandments (in the Christian Bible) and the Sermon on the Mount in the New Testament

6. Human Positive Law This law consists of laws that have been made by humans who feel that these laws will govern people and thus have been made for the proper functioning of societies and states. E.g. People instinctively know that murder is wrong, and many will choose not to do it, but for the sake of societies, laws will be written and penalties will be set.

7. Aquinas's Beliefs He believed that people will not break a law, if they feel that this law is just. He claims that they are bound by conscience. If people feel that a law is unjust, then they will not feel bound to comply with it. Aquinas's defined human law in saying“ Law is nothing else than ordinance of reason for the common good, promulgated by him who has the care of the community. “

8. What It Gave Us The definition that St. Thomas Aquinas gave of natural law, set some necessary guidelines for Canadian law These were: The law is a product of human reason It is made for the common good. It is made by the ruler, who must have the care of the community at heart It is promulgated, or published, so that everyone knows it.

9. Additional Notes Aquinas believed that the first practical judgment of all people is that “good should be done and perused and evil should be avoided” He also believed that man can preserve what he has if he follows God and thus his law- external law.

10. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/aquinas/ http://www.philosophypages.com/ph/aqui. htmhttp://www.philosophypages.com/ph/aqui. htm http://www.iep.utm.edu/a/aquinas.htm

12. Question 1: What are the four types of laws that St. Thomas Aquinas developed? Name all four.

13. Eternal Law Natural Law Divine Positive law Human Positive law

14. Question 2: Which law is it that Aquinas claims that humans would never be able to understand because they will never understand the mind of god? Eternal law Natural law Divine positive law Human Positive law

15. Eternal Law

16. Question 3: Give two examples of Natural laws.

17. Parents should care for their children People should do no harm to others

18. Question 4: Which law is it that Aquinas claims that humans would only be able to understand? Eternal law Natural law Divine Positive law Human Positive law

19. Natural law

20. Question 5: Define Divine Positive Law:

21. a law that is directly given by god

22. Question 6: Give two examples of Divine Positive laws that Aquinas used?

23. The Ten Commandments The Sermon on the Mountain, the New Testament

24. Question 7: Define Human positive law:

25. Laws that have been made by humans who feel that theses laws would prevent crime and keep a functioning society.

26. Question 8: Name one of Aquinas Beliefs:

27. people will not break a law if they feel that a law is just

28. Question 9: St. Thomas Aquinas set guidelines for Canadian law. What were they? Name at least two out of four.

29. Law is a product of the common good. Law is made for the common good. Law is made by the ruler, who must have the care of the community at heart. It is written so everyone knows them.

30. Question 10: What did Aquinas say people should peruse and what they should avoid?

31. Persue good And avoid bad!

32. The End!