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Presidential Powers “The executive power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America” Article II of the Constitution
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Executive Powers in the Constitution Command the armed forces Make treaties Approve or veto acts of Congress Send & receive diplomatic representatives Grant pardons & reprieves Faithfully execute the laws of the land
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Executing the Law President executes, enforces, administers, & carries out the provisions of federal law Specific details necessary to the day-to- day administration of the law are usually left to be worked out by the executive branch This is done by the different departments of the executive branch
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Ordinance Power Executive order- a directive, rule, or regulation that has the effect of law Arises from the Constitution & Congress
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Appointing Power Power to appoint top administration officials Ambassadors & diplomats Cabinet members & their top aids All federal judges, attorneys, & marshals Officers of the armed forces Must have Senate approval
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Removal Power The first Congress (1789) gave the president the power to remove from office those which he nominated to office The exception- federal judges
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Diplomatic Powers Treaties Executive agreements- pacts between the President & the heads of foreign states (do not require Senate approval) Recognition- president indicates that the United States accepts that country as an equal in the “family of nations”
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Military Powers As commander-in-chief the President has the final authority over & responsibility for any & all military matters Truman’s firing of General MacArthur MacArthur was found to be insubordinate to the commander-in-chief
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War Powers May use the armed forces in undeclared war Began with John Adams & has been done by most modern Presidents Truman, LBJ, Bush I, Clinton, Bush II Power as commander-in-chief is much greater in a time of war During WWII Congress gave FDR the power to ration food & gasoline, & to control wages & prices, and to seize & operate certain private industries. May call State militias into federal service
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