1. Models - 1 Waste Influence of selective collections COMPOSTINGCOMPOSTING Case study: composting Domestic Waste

2. Models - 2 Summary Available data and simulation objective  phase model Simulation of selective collections  Influence on the composition of residual waste Simulation of Bio Reactor BRS  Influence of selective collections on the composition of fermented waste

3. Models - 3 Method Collection of data on the operation of the existing process Data reconciliation Material Flow Analysis Set of coherent data for the complete flowsheet Set of coherent data for the complete flowsheet Calibration of the simulation models Simulation of the operation based on scenarii (hypothesis on feed, equipment) Objective: Flowsheet optimization Objective: Flowsheet optimization Simulator of actual situation Design of additional equipment Design of additional equipment

4. Models - 4 Composting plant Iron Balistics Compost Losses Bales < 150 mm > 150 mm DW Composting plant Bio Reactor > 18 mm < 18 mm Overband Press Balistic separator Selective Collections Compost standard

5. Models - 5 Available data and objective > 20 mm : MODECOM categories on dry matter  1 - Putrescibles, 2 - Papers, 3 - Cardboards, 4 - Complexes, 5 -Textiles, 6 - Sanitary textiles, 7 - Plastics, 8 - Combustibles, 9 -Glass, 10 - Metals, 11 - Incombustibles, 12 - Special waste < 20 mm : analysis of inerts  MONS (Non Synthetic Organic Matter) +  Plastic Films +  Other plastics +  Metals +  Glass-Stones-Limestone (‘ Minerals ’) +  Wasted Mineral Matter < 2 mm (‘ Reste ’)= 100% NB : The standard NF Compost Urbain for compost quality is based on inerts analysis

6. Models - 6 Modelling the matter Available data Marque NF Compost quality Flowrate  Size distribution  MODECOM Categories > 100 mm 100-20 mm < 20 mm   Inerts Analysis > 100 mm 100-20 mm < 20 mm     Heavy Metals per MODECOM categories  Heavy Metals per category of inerts 

7. Models - 7 Phase model 3 criterion  Particle size  Composition :  MODECOM + Description inerts analysis  User defined sub-populations 1 :  Heavy metals per MODECOM category Hierarchy types  Component garde per size  Sub-pop. 1 per component Chemical reactions  Transformation matrix MODECOM  Description inerts analysis

8. Models - 8 Composition of Domestic waste

9. Models - 9 Metals in categories

10. Models - 10 Selective Collections

11. Models - 11 BRS : Bio Reacteur Stabilisateur Loss in organic matter: 19.95 % No losses in heavy metals Size reduction  Reactor Output

12. Models - 12 Principal operations in BRS A representation of unit operations during composting Calibration of level 0 models with coherent data Reactions Separator Mill

13. Models - 13 Conversion

14. Models - 14 Composting

15. Models - 15 Mill

16. Models - 16 Selective Collections

17. Models - 17 Product composition

18. Models - 18 Conclusion Level 0 models allow to reach the objective of simulation But, simulation results should be compared to reality to estimate their precision (non predictive simulation) If validated models of level 1, 2 or 3 have been used, results should have been more reliable