1. OECD World Forum Statistics, Knowledge and Policy, Palermo, 10-13 November 2004 1

2. OECD World Forum Statistics, Knowledge and Policy, Palermo, 10-13 November 2004 2 Indicators and Social Accounting for 21st Century Social Policy Gosta Esping-Andersen

3. OECD World Forum Statistics, Knowledge and Policy, Palermo, 10-13 November 2004 3 Table 1. Poverty in Child Families. Cross-sectional Headcounts and Dynamics. Kaplan-Mayer Survival Functions, 1994-2001 Rate of Poverty Persistency: Poverty Year One Year Two Three+ years (2000) Denmark 2.4.410.282.026 France 7.3.590.418.128 Germany 9.0.490.303.091 Italy 16.6.635.411.161 Spain 13.3.597.369.120 U.K. 15.4.494.287.110 U.S. 21.9.814.704.576 __________________________________________________ Wilcoxson test for equality Pr>Chi2 =.0001 (Chi2=26.53) Source: ECHP, waves 1994-2001, and for the U.S., the PSID, 1993-1997. Poverty rates are from LIS.

4. OECD World Forum Statistics, Knowledge and Policy, Palermo, 10-13 November 2004 4 Table 2. Total GDP Use for Social Protection 1) after tax claw-backs and other indirect taxes, plus tax subsidies 2)includes mandatory and voluntary plans, but excludes out-of-pocket payments Source: W. Adema, Net social expenditure. Labour Market and Social Policy-Occasional Papers, no.52. OECD (August, 2001). SwendenGermanyUSASweden/USA ratio Gross Expenditure 35.729.215.82.2 Net expenditurer 1) 28.527.317.51.6 Net Private Expenditure 2) 2.21.68.1 Net Total Expenditure 30.628.925.61.2

5. OECD World Forum Statistics, Knowledge and Policy, Palermo, 10-13 November 2004 5 TABLE 3. DYNAMIC ACCOUNTING OF THE COSTS AND RETURNS FROM DAY CARE PROVISION Assumptions: Mother, at age 30-35, has two kids she does not interupt employment (except one year maternity). Her wage is 67% of APW, and she will continue working until age 60. We apply 1.5%p.a. Mincer estimate of cummulative loss for 5 year interuption D.Kr. Cost to government: 2 years in creche (x2) =168.000 and 3 years in pre-school (x2) =342.000 Total 510.000 Gains to mother: (a) 5 years with full earnings =800.000 and (b) life-time wage gain from no interuption =1.400.600 Total 2.200.600 Gains to Exchequer: additional revenue from (a) =280.000 and additional revenue from (b) =490.000 Total 770.000 Net return to Exchequer On original outlay (770.000 – 510.000) 260.000