1. By Allie Pinosky, Kelly Herring, and Frances Grimball

2.  Surgery  Pharmacology  Medical Texts  Drugs  Nutrition  Causes and sources of disease

3.  16 medical works  Qanun 1. General Principles 2. Simple Drugs 3. Diseases of particular organs and parts of the body 4. Diseases which spread to other body parts 5. Compound medicines  Translated into Latin (12 century)  “Canon” Chief Medical Text of Europe

4.  Medical Encyclopedia  At-Tasrif  30 volumes  Translated into Latin 12 th century  Great advancements in Surgery  Variety of operations and procedures  Illustrations and explanations of surgical instruments Page from a 1531 Latin translation by Peter Argellata of El Zahrawi's treatise on surgical and medical instruments.

5.  Kitab al-Mansuri  Largest Encyclopedia  Experiments on Animals  Opium as form of Anesthesia  Wrote book of home remedies  Discovered bad effects of alcoholism  Employed by Harun Al-Rashid to build first hospital

6.  First Hospital: 86 AH (712 CE)  High level of Organization  Cairo, Damascus  Doctors worked shifts  5 types of hospitals 1. Mental disease 2. Leprosy 3. Road 4. Prison 5. Mobile Maristan

7.  Canon  Western Europe  At-Tasrif  Surgical Techniques and Instruments  Hospitals  Recording Greek knowledge

8. Ahmed, Dr. Monzur. "El Zahrawi (Albucasis)-father of surgery." Muslim Scientists and Scholars. Aug. 1990. 7 Oct. 2008. Ghazl, Dr. Sharif Kaf al. "The Origin of Bimaristans (Hospitals) In Islamic Medical History." Foundation for Science Technology and Civilization (2007). Ghazl, Dr. Sharif Kaf al. "The Valuable Contributions of Al-Razi (Rhazes) In the History of Pharmacy." Foundation for Science Technology and Civilization (2007). Ghazl, Dr. Sharif Kaf al. "Al-Zahrawi (Albucasis) The Great Andalusian Surgeon." Foundation for Science Technology and Civilization (2007).