1. Human Organ Systems

2. Organ Systems Nervous Circulatory Lymphatic Respiratory Digestive
Urinary
Reproductive
Endocrine

3. Nervous System Functions:
Senses changes in the environment and coordinates appropriate responses.
Controls body functions.

4. Nervous System Components: Central Nervous System (CNS)
Brain
Spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Nerves connect body to CNS.

5. Nervous System Central Nervous System Brain:
Receives and processes information from sensory receptors.
Causes a specific response in the body.
Allows us to learn, hold onto memories, reason, maintain balance, etc.

6. Nervous System Central Nervous System Spinal Cord:
Responsible for reflexes.
Very fast; occurs without conscious thought.

7. Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System Controls skeletal muscles.
Carries information from the sensory organs to brain.
Controls involuntary actions such as breathing, heart rate and digestion.

8. Circulatory System Functions:
Transports nutrients and oxygen to the body cells.
Remove wastes and carbon dioxide from the cells.

9. Circulatory System
Components:
Heart
Blood Vessels
Blood

10. Circulatory System Heart:
Cardiac muscle tissue causes the heart to contract as one unit.
Epithelial tissue lines the inside and outside of the heart to protect it from friction.

11. Circulatory System Blood Vessels: Arteries: Veins : Capillaries:
Carry blood away from heart.
Veins :
Carry blood toward heart.
Capillaries:
Surround each body cell.
Allows oxygen and nutrients to enter cells.

12. Circulatory System

13. Circulatory System Blood: Red blood cells: White blood cells:
Transports oxygen to cells.
White blood cells:
Recognize and destroy foreign microbes.
Platelets:
Cell fragments involved with blood clotting.
Plasma:
Protein-rich liquid that carries blood cells.

14. Lymphatic System Functions: To defend against disease.
Works with the immune system.

15. Lymphatic System
Components:
Lymph vessels
Lymph fluid
Lymph nodes

16. Lymphatic System Lymphatic Vessels Runs alongside blood vessels.
Transports lymph (fluid with white blood cells).

17. Lymphatic System Lymph Nodes Congregation of white blood cells.
Filters lymph and destroys microbes.

18. Respiratory System Functions: Provides oxygen needed by the body.
Removes carbon dioxide from the body.

19. Respiratory System
Components:
Mouth and nose
Trachea
Lungs
Diaphragm

20. Respiratory System Trachea:
Air from mouth and nose pass through trachea.
Cartilaginous rings keep it open.
Lined with ciliated epithelium.
Cilia ‘beat’ to move mucus and foreign debris away from lungs.

21. Respiratory System Lungs: Non-muscular organ filled with alveoli.
Alveoli are small air sacs surrounded by capillaries.

22. Respiratory System Diaphragm: Dome-shaped muscle.
Attached to bottom lungs.

23. Digestive System Function: To take food into the body.
To breakdown food into smaller pieces.
To absorb nutrients into body.
To excrete solid waste.

24. Digestive System Components: Mouth Esophagus Stomach Small intestines
Large intestines

25. Digestive System Mouth Breaks down food.
Chewing.
Digestive enzymes.
Saliva produced by epithelial tissue.

26. Digestive System Esophagus
Smooth muscle contracts and relaxes to push food to stomach.

27. Digestive System Stomach Stores food.
Smooth muscle contracts to mix food with digestive juices.

28. Digestive System Small Intestines
Digestion and absorption of nutrients.

29. Digestive System Large Intestines Water reabsorbed into body.
Solid matter excreted as feces from anus.

30. Urinary System Functions: To filter wastes from the blood.
Forms urine.

31. Urinary System
Components:
Kidneys
Bladder

32. Urinary System Kidneys Bladder Filters wastes from blood.
Produces urine.
Bladder
Stores urine before it exits the body.

33. Reproductive System Functions: To produce sperm in males.
To produce eggs in females.

34. Reproductive System
Components:
Female:
Ovaries
Uterus
Vagina

35. Reproductive System
Components:
Male:
Testes
Penis

36. Endocrine System Functions:
Produces hormones that regulate bodily functions.

37. Endocrine System
Components:
Pancreas
Adrenal glands
Ovaries
Testes

38. Endocrine System Pancreas Produces insulin  lowers our blood sugar
Adrenal Glands
Produces adrenaline  short-term stress (“fight or flight” response)

39. Endocrine System Ovaries
Produce estrogen  secondary sex characteristics in females.
Testes
Produce testosterone  secondary sex characteristics in males.

40. Interactions of Systems
Oxygen moves from air in respiratory system to blood in circulatory system.
Carbon dioxide moves from blood to air (in lungs).

41. Interactions of Systems
Nutrients move from food in digestive system to blood in circulatory system.
Oxygen and nutrients move from circulatory system into body cells.
Carbon dioxide and wastes move from body cells into circulatory system.

42. Interactions of Systems
Wastes pass from circulatory system into urinary system.

43. Interactions of Systems
Endocrine system (prolonged response) and nervous system (rapid response) work together to regulate all bodily functions and organ systems.

44. Interactions of Systems
Lymphatic system and circulatory system work together to protect the body from foreign invaders (e.g., bacteria).

45. Interactions of Systems
Nerves stimulate the pacemaker (SA node) of the heart to control its rhythmic beating.
The brain is supplied with constant blood flow so it always has oxygen in order to perform all its vital functions.