1. + Writing up your work Research Skills

2. + Ted Talk: Hans Rosling Stats that reshape your world http://youtu.be/hVimVzgtD6w

3. + Title Straightforward and informative (not more than 15 words). Enough to explain your study without going into too much detail. Examples: Too little detail: Fast food purchases Too much detail: Differences in the fast food purchasing habits of men and women in the last month in Brighton Just right: Differences in the fast food purchasing habits of men and women

4. + Abstract Must have: Explanation of research area Aims Main results and interpretations Implications of your results for science and/or society

5. + Introduction Quick explanation of research area Summary of relevant past research Purpose of study Brief description of methods Hypotheses

6. + Methods Subsections: Participants: Who? Materials: What? Design: How? Procedure: How?

7. + Results  What are the main findings?  For example:  Female participants ate fewer hamburgers on average than males (Table 1).  Note: If you give numbers in tables, there is no need to repeat them in text. If you present information in a figure, give exact numbers in text as well.

8. + Tables: quantitative Table 1: The mean number of fast food purchases made by males and females in last month.

9. + Tables: qualitative Table 2: Frequency of internet usage among men and women.

10. + Figures: quantitative Figure 1: The mean number of fast food purchases made by males and females in last month. Error bars show ± 1 S.E.M.

11. + Figures: qualitative Figure 2: Frequency of internet usage among men and women.

12. + Discussion Summary of purpose and results Comparison to previous research Possible faults Wider implications (back up your assertions) Future directions Conclusions

13. + References List of all references cited in the lab report.

14. + The world in a tiny drop of water http://www.microbehunter.com/2012/12/16/us ing-the-microscope-slide-adjustment- focussing/ Microscopy

15. + Microscopes are used to view things that are too small to see without help. Dissecting microscope – view entire 3-D objects under low power. Compound light microscope – examine very small or thinly sliced objects under higher magnification.

16. + Microscopy Stains that bind to cellular structures are used to help increase the contrast and allow you to see the structures more clearly.

17. + Using the Microscopes Always use 2 hands to handle the scopes! Be VERY CAREFUL when moving the microscopes. Never remove any part of the microscope.

18. + Using the Microscopes ALWAYS adjust the nosepiece so that the LOWEST OBJECTIVE LENS is in place when removing a slide and when putting the microscope away! NEVER, EVER use the COARSE FOCUS when you are working with high power!

19. + Using the Microscopes Always start with the lowest power lens – this gives you the widest field of view. Find what you are looking for, CENTER and FOCUS as well as you can. Then, change to the next objective lens. Return to low power before removing the slide.

20. + Rules Lowest power objective lens in position at beginning and end. Use only lens paper for cleaning lenses. Do not tilt the microscope when you are using a wet mount. Keep stage clean & dry. DO NOT REMOVE PARTS!!!! Turn light all the way down, then turn off before unplugging. Replace cover when finished. Report any problems.

21. + Total Magnification Compound Light Microscopes have 2 magnifying lenses. Objective lens – 4X, 10X, 20X, 40X Ocular lens (in the eyepiece) – 10X Total magnification – multiply the objective lens (4, 10, 20, or 40) by the ocular lens (10).

22. + Field of View Field of view – the circular area that is visible when you look into the microscope. Measure the diameter, estimate lengths of objects that take up part of the field of view. Depth of field – play with the focus while viewing the slide with colored threads.