1. Psychoanalysis: Yesterday and Today Text: Chapter 6 Freudian Analysis Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy – Blau, Corey Time-Limited Dynamic Therapy – Strupp Imago Therapy Transactional Analysis 1

2. Yesterday  Sigmund Freud  View of human nature  The unconscious  Structure of personality - The Id: innate, pleasure principle - The Ego: learning, reality, defense mechanisms - The Superego: learning, conscience/guilt, ego ideal. 2

3.  Development of personality (Psychosexual Stages) - Psychic energy - Fixation - The oral stage - The anal stage - The phallic stage. 3

4.  Development of maladaptive behavior. - Conflicts and fixations in our early years - Symptoms depend on the psychosexual stage and how defense mechanisms are used - Anxiety is the core of psychopathology - Operates largely at unconscious level. 4

5. Goals of Therapy –Yesterday and Today  Reconstruct personality – id, ego, superego  Strengthening ego  Attempts to make the unconscious conscious  Goal – gain insight  Newer analytic approaches  Understand influence of the past  Role of unconscious  Understand how past influences present/interpretation  Learn new ways of responding 5

6. Methods and Techniques – Yesterday and Today  Free association  Interpretation of transference  Interpretation of resistance  Dream analysis  Insight - emotional reeducation  Lengthy, costly process  Questions concerning effectiveness. 6

7. Psychoanalysis Today  Ego psychology – Erikson/Corey & Ruth  Psychoanalytic Therapy - Blau & Ruth  Time-Limited Dyanamic Therapy - Strupp  Object relations theory – ex. Imago Therapy - We develop patterns of behavior from early relationships, particularly parents - Parents/others become internalized objects: “unconscious mental representations” - Relationships in early years leave impressions (psychological wounds) which influence behavior later in life, esp. in close relationships - Goal: understand how childhood relationships cause maladaptive patterns in adulthood. 7

8. Time-Limited Dynamic Psychotherapy  Developed by Hans Strupp  Assumptions... - Neurotics suffer from negative parent-child relationships and they reproduce those relationships in present life (transference) - Focus: how past relationships are manifested in present relationships - Presenting problem: evidence of immaturity caused by childhood experience. 8

9. - Therapist focuses on client’s description of present interpersonal problems - These problems will be expressed in “cyclical maladaptive patterns” in current life - The therapist points out (interprets) these patterns - Through interpretation the patient...  becomes aware of cyclical maladaptive pattern  understands how this pattern developed  tries out alternative ways of behaving  The therapeutic relationship serves as a corrective emotional experience. 9

10. Imago Theory and Therapy Yearning for completion Psychological wounding Understanding this wounding How childhood effects marital choice – Imago match Partner wounds you the way parents did Stages of the power struggle Imago Therapy - the couples dialogue – mirroring, validation, empathy: used to create safe environment where deeper issues can be explored - seeing wounded child using parent-child dialogue De-roling and the Behavior Change Request 10