1. I Can Distinguish the types of validity Distinguish the types of reliability Identify if an example is objective or subjective Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

2. Validity When a test measures what it claims to Face Validity A basic form of validity which determines if a measure appears (on the face of it) to measure what it is supposed to measure. Content Validity Each test item is representative of the subject that the test covers Does a test measure your knowledge or mastery of a topic? Criterion Validity The performance of the test taker is measured against a specific learning goal.Does it meet the criteria? If we find out there is a high correlation between student grades in high-school and their success in college we would say there is high criterion-related validity Item Analysis This is done to examine how a test is related to learning objectives For example…Creating the MCAS test This is done to examine how a test is related to learning objectives

3. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Reliability  A test that yields the same results over time Test-Retest Reliability People get the same score when they take the test more than once Split-Half Reliability A measure of the reliability in which a test is split into two parts and an individual’s score on both parts are compared Inter-Rater Reliability Measures how similarly two different test scorers would score the same test

4.  The administration of the test and the scoring guidelines are the same for each student  The results can then be used to draw conclusions about the test takers with respect to the test objectives.

5. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 The Normal Distribution of IQ Scores 0102030405060708090110120130140150160170180190200100 Few Many Number of Persons IQ Normal Range Normal Range : Scores falling near the middle of a normal distribution

6. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Types of Tests 1. Objective Tests Can be scored easily by a machine true/false, multiple choice, anything you can scantron true/false, multiple choice, anything you can scantron 2. Subjective Tests Individuals are asked to write answers rather than choose from a set of possible answers  Subjective tests are more challenging and expensive to prepare, administer and evaluate correctly, but they can be more valid.

7. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Ethics and Standards in Testing Ethical concerns related to testing involve: --The confidentiality of the test results --How to report the results --How to use the test to compare individuals --The impact of tests on society as a whole

8. Can I? Distinguish the types of validity Distinguish the types of reliability Identify if an example is objective or subjective Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007