2.  …the study of life, So what do we study?  What defines a living thing?  Six Characteristics:  Cells  Organization  Energy Use  Homeostasis  Growth  Reproduction

3.  Cells  All living things have cells  Some have a nucleus, some don’t

4.  all living things are organized

5.  All living things require energy to do everything else  Repair cells  Move  Grow

6.  Maintain stable internal conditions

7.  Get bigger by making more cells  Develop

8.  Produce offspring similar to self  Sometimes can mix genetic information

9.  Cells – Dogs have red blood cells  Organization – Dogs have bones to help it stand  Energy Use – Dogs use energy to run and chase squirrels  Growth – Dogs grow by multiplying their cells and can heal when they get hurt  Homeostasis – When a dog is hot, it moves into the shade  Reproduction – Dogs mate and give birth to puppies  YES DOGS ARE ALIVE!

10.  Cells – Does have solar cells but does not have regular cells with DNA and a membrane  Organization – Is organized with each button having a job  Energy Use – needs batteries or light to work  Growth – Calculators do not get larger over time nor do they change in anyway  Homeostasis – If the temperature is freezing, the calculator is freezing too  Reproduction – calculators do not have baby calculators.  NO CALCULATORS ARE NON-LIVING

11.  Tool for observing small specimens  Magnification – how much bigger an object looks  Resolution – how clear the picture is  Robert Hooke: using a simple microscope observed the first plant cells in cork, 1665  Anton van Leeuwenhoek observed the first living cells, 1673. He made some of the first microscopes.

12.  Ocular Lens – eye piece, 10x  Body Tube  Revolving Nosepiece – hold objective lenses  Objective lens – near object,  4x = scanning  10x = low  45x or 100x = high  Stage and Stage clip – holds slide  Diaphragm or Condenser – focuses light  Light  Coarse Focus – moves quickly  Fine Focus – perfects image

14.  Total magnification is:  ocular lens x the objective  10x X 4x = 40 times magnified  The object should look 40x larger than normal  Field of view – the size of the area you can see  Which picture has a larger field of view?

16.  Uses a beam of electrons  Transmission TEM  Scanning SEM