2. California Weather

3. Climate vs. Weather Climate: Climate: Long term average conditionsWeather: The conditions day to day

4. Climate vs. Weather Climate:Weather:

5. Water Year

6. Hydrologic Water Year California: October 1 – September 30

7. Precipitation Northern Sierra 8 Station Index Mt. Shasta City Mt. Shasta City Shasta Dam Mineral Brush Creek QuincySierraville Pacific House Blue Canyon

8. San Joaquin 5-Station Index Calaveras Big Trees Calaveras Big Trees Hetch Hetchy Hetch Hetchy Yosemite Headquarters Yosemite Headquarters North Fork North Fork Huntington Huntington Precipitation

9. PRISM (Parameter- elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model)

10. WinterSummer SUN SUN More Heating Less Heating SameSolarEnergy

11. 200 MB 500 MB 700 MB 850 MB 1013 MB 0+10+20-10-20-30-40-50-60 Degrees Centigrade 5,000 Feet Sea Level 10,000 Feet 18,000 Feet 39,000Feet 39,000 Feet 0+10+20-10-20-30-40-50-60 Troposphere; lowest layer Temperature: Pressure:

12. Jet Stream

14. Winter vs. Summer in California

15. Winter: Jet points toward CA COLD From NW, Alaska Winter Jet toward CA

16. Winter: Jet points toward CA COLD From NW, Alaska Winter Jet toward CA

17. Winter: Jet points toward CA COLD From NW, Alaska Winter Jet toward CA

18. WARM : From West or SW WARM : From West or SW “Pineapple Express” (Atmospheric Rivers) “Pineapple Express” (Atmospheric Rivers)

19. Winter Jet toward CA WARM : From West or SW WARM : From West or SW “Pineapple Express” (Atmospheric Rivers) “Pineapple Express” (Atmospheric Rivers)

20. DRY Summers: Jet points toward Washington, Canada Summer Jet Stream

21. DRY Summers: Jet points toward Washington, Canada Summer Jet Stream

22. DRY Summers: Jet points toward Washington, Canada Summer Jet Stream

23. L WARM COLD Boundary between 2 air masses Front

24. L WARM COLD Boundary between 2 air masses Front

25.  Air in motion caused High  LowPressure caused High  Low Pressure Wind

26.  Air in motion caused High  LowPressure caused High  Low Pressure  Speed measured with an anemometer measured with an anemometer Wind

27.  Air in motion caused High  LowPressure caused High  Low Pressure  Speed measured with an anemometer measured with an anemometer  Direction described from which it is blowing described from which it is blowing Wind

28.  Temperature  Humidity  Pressure  Wind Speed  Wind Direction Radiosonde ; Weather Balloon National Weather Service Launches twice daily 12 UTC (4 AM PST) and 00 UTC (4 PM PST) 12 UTC (4 AM PST) and 00 UTC (4 PM PST)

30. H H L L Weather Map

31. Demonstration- Explaining AIR PRESSURE!

32. Cloudy Rainy or Worsening Low Surface Low Pressure L  cyclonic (counter- (counter- clockwise) clockwise)  convergence

33. H  anticyclonic (clockwise) (clockwise)  divergence Improving or clearing skies High Surface High Pressure

34. Moisture + Lift = Precipitation

35. Orographic Precipitation

37. Numerical Weather Prediction

38. Summary  Varying amounts of Sunlight create the jet stream and weather  A few storms per year determine most of State’s water supply