1. Shea Jones

2. About the Author Specialist in International Management with a focus on global leadership and Latin American management. Lived for 14 years in 7 different countries, mainly in Latin America and West Africa. Published over 50 times with topics on International Management

3. Dr. Joyce S. Osland Received a Ph.D from Case Western Reserve University “It was the hardest thing I ever wrote, because I had to read several different bodies of literature outside my own field. I read a couple boxes of articles.”

4. Introduction First wave began with countries expanding trade routes and colonization in the 15 th century. Second wave involved corporations expanding their markets Third wave (Present) spearheaded by the internet, involves individuals

5. Globalization Globalization is now a way of life. Its spread has brought about both positive and negative outcomes. The article speaks on both the positive and negative aspects of Globalization. The five major areas affected are: Equality Labor conditions Governments Culture and Communities Environment

6. Globalizations effect on equality (Pros) Increase in consumer goods Decrease in price Higher quality goods More jobs Improved conditions-Income, infrastructure

7. Globalizations effect on equality (Cons) Increased gap between the wealthy and the poor Favors developed countries over underdeveloped countries. Wage inequalities

8. Labor Relations (Pros) Skills and education Opportunities Broader coverage of internal issues

9. Labor Relations (Cons) The Race to the bottom Human Rights violations Displacement

10. Government (Pros) Economic benefits Increased trade Modernization of population

11. Government (Cons) Threats to sovereignty Bargaining Power of MNE’s Tax Liability

12. Culture and Community (Pros) Increased exposure to other communities Tower of Babel falling Recognition on a global stage

13. Culture and Community (Cons) Loss of cultural identity Flight of the educated

14. Environmental Impacts(Pros) Spread of regulation Spread of Efficiency Green Movement

15. Environmental Impacts (Cons) Surplus and Scarcity Increase use of natural resources Regulation dodgers

16. Future Trends

17. Future trends Person to person Fallout over labor condition America is no longer the leader

18. Questions?

19. References Krugman, P., & Venables, A.J. (1995). Globalization and the inequality of nations. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 110 (4), 857-880. James, J. (2000). Do consumers in developing nations gain or lose from globalization. Journal of Economic Issues, 34(3), 537-551. Christmann, P., & Taylor, G. (2001). Globalization and the environment: Determinants of firm self-regulation in China. Journal of International Business Studies, 32, (3), 439-458. Goodman, J.B., & Pauly, L.W. (1993). The obsolescence of capital controls?: Economic management in an age of global markets. World Politics, 46, (1) 50- 82.