1. THE RISE OF FASCISM AND THE CAUSES OF WORLD WAR II EUROPE 1921-1939

2. FASCISM Gov’t system State control over all aspects of life Strident Nationalism Dictator Leadership Harsh Suppression of all Opposition Severe Social and Economic regementation

3. Tools of Fascism Strict control of the Media (Censorship) Extreme use of Propaganda Secret Police

4. The Rise of Benito Mussolini Italy in social chaos Fear of Bolsheviks (Communists) Economic Depression Mussolini builds the legend of “Il Duce” (The Leader) – title he bestows upon himself A man who never slept, was always right, and could solve all the problems of politics and economics.

5. Italy Invades Ethiopia - 1935

6. Causes for Fascism in Germany Causes for Fascism in Germany Mass Suffering from terms of Versailles Treaty Severe Economic Depression Germans are a Dejected People German People starving for a change – want a leader

7. The Rise of Hitler Joins German Workers Party in 1919 Re-Names it National Socialist German Workers Party (Nazi) Swastika adopted as Party Symbol Appointed Chancellor in 1933 German President Hindenburg dies in 1934 – Hitler declares himself “Reichsfuhrer” (national leader)

8. Hitler’s Nazi Culture Based on Hitler’s “Mein Kampf” (My Struggle) Written (dictated) while in prison Writes of Childhood, Race, Politics, Goals of Nazis, Future of Germany – return to glory Aryan Race – best of all humans (Master Race) Cites Jewish and Slavic Peoples (Polish, Russian, Czechs) as inferior and the enemy Blames Jews for Germanic Hardships

9. “Kristallnacht” = Night of Broken Glass

11. The Road to War Hitler infuses German people with nationalism and pride Massive propaganda campaign – Nazi Party rallies, speeches, censorship Violates Versailles Treaty Begins German Re- armament Gets German Economy going Mirrors USA New Deal – building Germany internal improvements

12. Nazi Propaganda

13. Germany “Rebirth” 1936 Olympics

14. USA Jesse Owens

15. Axis Powers Created 1937 Germany, Italy, Japan sign alliance treaty Italy invades Ethiopia Japan invades Manchuria and China

16. Hitler’s Unification Plans Unite Germanic Peoples of Europe – Create the Third Reich (Third German Empire) Begins reclaiming and invading “German” lands League of Nations powerless to stop Hitler – won’t go to war

17. Hitler’s Aggression in Europe Reclaiming German lands  Reclaims Rhineland (WW I lost territory) &  Saar and Ruhr Valleys (coal rich France exploiting)  Forces Anschluss (union) with Austria in 1938  Invades Sudetenland (German areas in Czechoslovakia)

19. Germans and the Soviets Germany signs non- aggression pact with Soviets Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact Soviet leader Joseph Stalin deals up Eastern Europe with Hitler Another Embarrassment to Britain and France

21. Appeasement Strategy England and France cut a deal with Hitler – give in to Hitler Let Hitler have what he has taken if he’ll stop there Betrayal of Czechoslovakia Becomes the Munich Agreement Britain Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain: “There will be peace in our time” Proved to be a flop and a huge embarrassment

23. Hitler Violates Munich Agreement Takes over the rest of CzechoslovakiaTakes over the rest of Czechoslovakia Invades Poland on Sept. 1, 1939Invades Poland on Sept. 1, 1939 Britain and France declare war on Germany (alliance with Poland)Britain and France declare war on Germany (alliance with Poland)

24. Where is the USA??? (Again) IsolationistIsolationist Great DepressionGreat Depression Neutral???Neutral???

25. Dr. Seuss Political Commentary