1. PLATE TECTONICS REVIEW

2. Approximately how old is the earth?

3. 4.6 billion years old

4. What are the three zones of the earth?

5. Crust, mantle, core

6. What are the two types of crust?

7. Oceanic & continental

8. Describe the lithosphere.

9. Rigid plastic-like

10. Describe the asthenosphere.

11. Flowing plastic layer

12. Which part of the core is solid?

13. The inner core

14. Which two elements make up the core?

15. Iron and nickel

16. Which zone makes up 2/3 of the earth’s mass?

17. The mantle

18. Who proposed the idea of continental drift?

19. Alfred Wegener

20. What is the single landmass called?

21. Pangaea

22. What is the single ocean called?

23. Panthalassa

24. One piece of evidence that supports continental drift is that similar _______ were found in eastern South America and western Africa.

25. Fossils or rocks

26. At mid-ocean ridges, magma rises and cools into new ocean crust. What is this process called?

27. Sea floor spreading

28. The idea of plate tectonics is that the _______ is made up of solid pieces that “ride” on the _______________.

29. Lithosphere, Asthenosphere

30. What is the force that pulls rocks apart?

31. Tension

32. What is the force that pushed one rock in opposite horizontal directions?

33. Shearing

34. What is it called when rock responds to stress by becoming permanently deformed WITHOUT breaking?

35. Folding

36. What is the type of folding that makes curves that look like the mouth in a “smiley face”?

37. Syncline

38. What is a break in the rock when the rocks have actually moved?

39. Fault

40. What is a break in the rock when there is no movement on either side of the break?

41. Fracture

42. What are the mountains that are formed when molten rock rised up and pushes rock layers above it?

43. Dome mountains

44. The discovery of “striping” on the ocean floor provided evidence of the reversing of Earth’s ____________.

45. Paleo-magnetism

46. What type of boundary has plates moving away from each other?

47. Divergent boundary

48. Plates are moving toward each other in a ___________ boundary.

49. Convergent

50. The three types of convergent boundaries depend on the types of crust. Name the 3 options.

51. 1.Oceanic-Oceanic 2.Continental- Continental 3. Oceanic- Continental

52. When oceanic crust collides with continental crust, __________ occurs.

53. Subduction

54. What is the main reason for plate movement?

55. Convection currents

56. A force that causes pressure in the crust’s rocks in called _________.

57. Stress

58. Name the three types of stress and describe each.

59. Tension – pulling apart Compression – pushing together Shearing – moving in opposite directions

60. What is the name of the mountain range that formed when India collides with Eurasia?

61. The Himalayas

62. What mountains were formed when the continent of Africa collided with North America?

63. The Appalachains

64. What are large areas of flat rocks high above sea level called?

65. A plateau

66. The San Andreas fault in California is an example of which type of boundary?

67. Transform boundary

68. What is the block of rock ABOVE the fault called?

69. Hanging wall

70. Which type fault is formed when the hanging wall drops down?

71. A normal fault

72. What is the upward fold in rock called?

73. An anticline

74. When the hanging wall moves up and over the foot wall, a ________ fault is formed.

75. Thrust

76. What does the hanging wall do in a reverse fault?

77. Moves down

78. What feature is formed at a divergent boundary?

79. A mid-ocean ridge

80. Which type of convergent boundary produced the Japanese Islands?

81. Converging oceanic plates (oceanic – oceanic)

82. What type of boundary produces a trench? (be specific – 2 options)

83. Convergent Boundary oceanic – oceanic oceanic - continental

84. What are the four evidences that Wegener used for his idea of continental drift?

85. 1. Shape of continents 2. Fossil Evidence 3. Rock Types (mts.) 4. Climatic Evidence

86. Give an example of where you could see two converging continental plates.

87. The Himalayas

88. The Andes Mountains in South America are located at which type of plate boundary?

89. A convergent boundary of oceanic – continental plates

90. Where could you go to see a transform boundary?

91. The San Andreas Fault in California

92. What type of mountains are located near subduction zones?

93. Volcanic mountains

94. What type of stress is associated with convergent boundaries?

95. Compression

96. The End GOOD LUCK!!!