1. The Integration of Peer-to-peer and the Grid to Support Scientific Collaboration Tran Vu Pham, Lydia MS Lau & Peter M Dew {tranp, llau & dew}@comp.leeds.ac.uk Presented by: Duncan Russell School of Computing, University of Leeds, UK

2. 2 Content Introduction Context: The Combustion Chemistry Research Community The Integration of Peer-to-peer and the Grid Potential Application of the Semantic Grid Conclusion and Work to Be Done

3. 3 Introduction Service-Oriented Architecture  Aiming for interoperability within Grid environment Semantic Grid  Adding more semantics to describe resources in a way that is understandable to computer programs, hence, enable seamless automation. Current research focus on infrastructure to support scientific collaboration: The Grid  Enabling flexible, secure, coordinated resource sharing amongst dynamic collections of individuals, institutions and resources (Foster 2001)

4. 4 Introduction What is missing? Facilities for front end scientists conveniently to gain access to computing resources on the Grid Support for direct lightweight collaboration amongst scientists, e.g. sharing files, messaging Front end scientists are people who directly use the resources and are also the sources of new resources in scientific communities

5. 5 Introduction Peer-to-peer architecture Has been successful in file sharing application in commercial world Napster, Kazaa, Freenet, eDonkey etc. Advantages of Peer-to-peer Bring end users closer to their communities and shared resources Sense of privacy and ownership over shared resources Ad hoc groups can be formed easily to support collaborative work Scientific communities need can benefit from both peer-to-peer architecture and the Grid

6. 6 Main research activity: building models of chemical reactions Steps of building a reaction mechanism model: A Case Study: The Combustion Chemistry Research Community Modelling Reaction Mechanism Simulating Reaction Model Analysing Simulation Results Final Model Re-modelling Acceptable model

7. 7 Building models of chemical reactions Require inputs (e.g: experimental data, reaction rate coefficients) from various sources (model users from other disciplines, experimenters, other model builders) Need a collection of tools for simulations and analysis Difficulties: Data is scattered around the community Sometimes, improperly evaluated Model builders have limited access to all available data The community needs: Collaborative sharing environment for data and information relevant to compiling reaction models Tools for enabling collaboration amongst its participants to contribute data and expertise to building models Challenges Posed by Requirements from the Community

8. 8 The Integration of Peer-to- peer and the Grid Goal: Provide a collaborative environment for scientists to gain access to and manipulate resources on the Grid. Improve collaboration amongst scientific communities Achieved by: Separating heavy computations and storage from lightweight collaboration by using the Grid and Peer-to-peer environment Using Service-Oriented Architecture as means of integration Applying technologies of the Semantic grid to facilitate the discovery and orchestration of resources

9. 9 The Integrated Architecture Public place Advertise services Discover services Negotiate & exchange services Integrate services Grid - Service factory - Resources Grid - Service factory - Resources Grid - Service Factory - Resources Public place Collaboration Computation : a peer

10. 10 Potential Application of the Semantic Grid The use of Semantic Grid technology To support resource discovery, e.g. service discovery To enable higher level of automation The challenges Ontology evolves over time Ontology cannot be centralised and static in a peer-to-peer environment Building ontology is a continuous process Ontologies should be local to communities who use them

11. 11 Potential Application of the Semantic Grid Proposed approach Evolution of Peer-to-peer community Peer-to-peer Community

12. 12 Potential Application of the Semantic Grid Proposed approach Through evolution members of peer-to-peer are organised into communities and sub-communities If a peer is a member of a sub-community, it is also a member of the parent communities Peer-to-peer environment Global Community Level 1 Level 2

13. 13 Potential Application of the Semantic Grid Proposed approach Each community will agree on a common ontology for its own use The organisation of ontologies is as of communities The ontology of a sub-community inherits the ontologies of its parents Ontology Peer-to-peer environment Global Community Level 1 Level 2

14. 14 Potential Application of the Semantic Grid Proposed approach The ontology of a sub inherits the ontologies of its parents, and can be extended with further terms and specifications Ontology changes of a community will be made democratically by its members Peer-to-peer environment Global Community Level 1 Level 2 Ontology

15. 15 Conclusion and Work to Be Done Summary The integration of Peer-to-peer and the Grid A potential application of the Semantic Grid Current prototype Integration JXTA peer-to-peer with Globus Toolkit An initial ontology for Combustion Chemistry domain has been developed but not yet been used in the integration prototype The initial ontology using OWL: http://www.personal.leeds.ac.uk/~scs1tvp/onto/chemonto.owl http://www.personal.leeds.ac.uk/~scs1tvp/onto/chemonto.owl Work to be done Implement semantic architecture in the integrated architecture

16. 16 Email: tranp@comp.leeds.ac.uk Questions?