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I NTERNAL F ORCES OF THE E ARTH 4 layers of earth 1-crust Where people live; continents stuck into crust 2-mantle “hot liquid rock-magma”; like hot caramel 3-outer core 4-inner core
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P LATE T ECTONICS Crust is divided into stiff, moving plates
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RING OF FIRE AREA IN PACIFIC WHERE PLATE IS THINNER MORE EARTHQUAKES & VOLCANOES
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VOLCANOE HTTP :// WWW. VOLCANO. SI. EDU / WORLD / REGION. CFM ? RNUM =13S BY REGION
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3-MIDDLE OF PLATE LESS INTERNAL FORCES—HEAT & PRESSURE MORE EXTERNAL FORCES-WIND & WATER
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EXAMPLE OF SPREADING-- Plate A Plate B
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Mid Oceanic Ridge “underwater Volcano” Sea floor spreads
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P LATE MOVEMENT FOLDING
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PLATES COLLIDING 2 FAULT- PLATE CRACKS & MOVES
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T RENCH C REATION —SUBDUCTION SMALLER PLATE GOES UP/BIG PLATE GOES DOWN
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TRANSFORM—PLATES SLIDE PAST
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EARTHQUAKE ZONES PLATES SLIDE PAST EACH OTHER
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R ESULTS OF INTERNAL FORCES Types of landforms created Mountains, valleys, volcanoes, islands What do they look like? Higher, jagged, steep slopes Primary landforms Created by heat & pressure, plate movement
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EXTERNAL FORCES Rock weathering Water -breaks rock down Transports rock
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WIND Transports rocks & minerals Breaks down rocks (2 rocks run into each other0 Creates sand dunes
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GLACIERS Heavy ice Flattens land Picks up sediment Leaves some parts behind as it moves Creates: Plains Fertile land Carves out rivers Leaves ice that will melt to become lakes
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R ESULTS OF EXTERNAL FORCES TYPES OF LANDFORMS Plains, plateaus, alluvial fans, deltas, LOOK LIKE? Lower in elevation, rounded, smaller SECONDARY Created by external forces like wind, water, glaciers
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C ONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY PANGAEA Evidence #1 -Jigsaw Puzzle All continents Seem to fit together
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EVIDENCE 2-fossil remains
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E VIDENCE #3- SEA FLOOR SPREADING HTTP :// WWW. TECTONICS. CALTECH. EDU / OUTREA CH / ANIMATIONS / DRIFT. HTML HTTP :// WWW. TECTONICS. CALTECH. EDU / OUTREA CH / ANIMATIONS / DRIFT. HTML Sea floor spreading
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