1. Thomas Jefferson, 1801-1809

2.  Inaugurated March, 1801 in Washington, D.C. Presidents Mansion  2 nd President to live in the newly constructed White House (Presidents Mansion)  His inaugural address stressed moderation!  “We are all Republicans, we are all Federalist.”  Goal was to soothe Federalist fears.  Foreign Policy Outline:  Honest friendship with all nations, entangling alliances with none.”

3.  Not “I’m the man”, but rather, “I’m just a man.”  Unconventional ways:  Sloppy dresser and frugal.  Didn’t appear aristocratic  Walked or rode horseback to wherever he was going, didn’t ride in horse drawn carriage.  No “Formal” State Dinners  Reported to Congress through a Clerk and didn’t speak to them him self.

4.  Philosopher:  Architect  Planter  Politician  Moderate  Focused on the future, not the past. “I have the consolation… of having added nothing to my private fortune during my public service, and retiring with my hands as clean as they are empty.”

5.  Pardoned those who’d been convicted under the Sedition Act.  Alien Act residency requirement to become a citizen moved back to 5 years as opposed to 14+.  Removed the Excise Tax on Whiskey.  Secretary of Treasury: Albert Gallatin  Balanced the budget and brought down the debt.  Didn’t really mess with Hamilton's financial plan.

6.  Wanted to be a “Peace President”  Distrusted the idea of a large “Standing Army”  Downsized Military to 2,500 men.  Only allowed essential navy ships.  Pesky Pirates: Mediterranean Sea ports in Tripoli The Barbary Pirates Bully Money… not cool.

7.  Pasha (Ottoman Empire) cut down the US Flag at the US Consulate’s Office… O no they didn’t…  Jefferson sent the navy… sea to land expedition began the “Marine Corps”  Stephen Decatur and the Intrepid  Took care of business… Treaty signed.  $60,000 paid to free prisoners… no more Pirates.  Jefferson decides to build the navy after all…

9.  Napoleon regained New Orleans and Louisiana from the Spanish and once again blocked off trade on the Mississippi.  Jefferson sends Robert Livingston to france to strike a deal… in the mean time…  France has issues in Carribean.  Napoleon says hey, how about $15 million for all of Louisiana?  To good of a deal to pass up…

11.  Doubled the size of the US in land with endless possibilities…  Land of the Unknown…  Lewis and Clark  Meriwether Lewis and William Clark  Hand picked and trained by Thomas Jefferson in the “Corps of Discovery”  “Used” Indian guides  2 Goals: ▪ Meet and befriend Indians ▪ Take notes of EVERYTHING you see.

12. ZEBULON PIKE:  Explored the Southwest Spanish Territory  Pikes Peak in Colorado  Just scouting…

13.  1803 Napoleonic Wars begin in Europe  1805 British Admiral Horatio Lord Nelson’s fleet won @ Trafalgar. …Brits rule the sea.  Battle of Austerlitz… France rules the land.  Nothing to do with America until…  1806 Orders in Council  Any foreign (U.S.) ship headed for France must check in at a British port first for inspection.  France said… yeah, about that, no.  America stuck in the middle.

14.  6,000+ US Naval men and other merchants “impressed” by the British.  Knock’em out and drag’em off.  Leopard v. Chesapeake  1807 British Leopard demanded men, fired on and damaged US Chesapeake  British apologized but it was… to late.  Most wanted a War with Britain… Jefferson waited.

15.  Jefferson knew that a naval showdown was coming and he felt the only way to halt it was through an Embargo.  Embargo Act of 1807  Forbid ALL exports to ALL nations.  Wonderful in theory, horrible in effect.  Effected New Englanders the most.  Smuggling issues  Little effect on South.