1. All-Hazard Training RDHS Office - Polonnaruwa 15.05.2015

2. All-Hazard Response Dr. Novil Wijesekara Medical Officer Disaster Preparedness and Response Division Ministry of Health

3. Objectives Describe the relevance of all-hazard response with regards to health sector disaster response. Describe the response of curative health institutions in all-hazard response. Describe the response of preventive health institutions in all-hazard response.

4. All hazard preparedness Irrespective of the hazard type, the health sector may have to respond to – death-mortality – disease/injury-morbidity – displacement-disability

5. All-hazard response The health sector response is important in – Managing dead bodies in disasters – Providing emergency health care Emergency surgical care – Mass casualty incident Emergency medical care – Chemical accident causing respiratory problems, epidemics – Providing health services for displaced. Curative, preventive, promotive and rehabilitative

6. Managing dead bodies in disasters Identification of dead bodies. Dead bodies do not pose additional health risks than living persons do. Respect for the dead bodies. Support for the loved ones of the diseased.

7. Providing emergency health care Emergency surgical care – Coordination with search and rescue teams – Pre-hospital care – Triage – Primary Survey – Secondary Survey – Definitive management

8. Providing health services for the displaced Curative care – Through existing health system as much as possible – Establishing field health facilities – Mobile medical teams – Supporting patients to access health facilities

9. Preventive health services Sexual and reproductive health Disease surveillance Psychosocial health Disease control Environmental health services in emergencies

10. Environmental health services Safety and security – cross cutting issue Shelter and Protection Food/Water supply Sanitation Solid waste management Liquid waste management Health education

11. Promotive health services Health promotion through community participation – Volunteers Mental health promotion through psychosocial activities

12. Rehabilitative health services Physical rehabilitation – For persons who are differently abled Psycho-social rehabilitation Rehabilitation of health facilities and systems – “Build Back Better Smarter and Faster”

13. Summary In most disasters, the health sector response is aimed at same objectives. Health sector should response timely and effectively to the disasters that may emerge. Effective response is not only a humanitarian imperative but also an investment in preventing future burden to health system.

14. All-Hazard Preparedness Dr. H.D.B. Herath National Coordinator / Consultant Community Physician Disaster Preparedness and Response Division Ministry of Health

15. Objectives Describe the relevance of all-hazard preparedness with regards to health sector disaster preparedness. Describe the importance of risk assessment in health sector disaster preparedness. Describe the importance of preparedness planning for health sector disaster preparedness. Describe the importance of testing health sector disaster preparedness.

16. Hazard-specific preparedness Preparedness aimed at specific hazards. – Flood preparedness plan – Drought preparedness plan – Mass casualty preparedness plan

17. All hazard preparedness Emergency preparedness requires attention not just to specific types of hazards but also to steps that increase preparedness for any type of hazard.

18. All hazard preparedness Irrespective of the hazard type, the health sector may have to respond to – death-mortality – disease/injury-morbidity – displacement-disability

19. All hazard preparedness Preparing to all hazards is more cost effective than preparing for individual hazards.

20. Risk assessment Risk of all possible hazards that could affect a health facility (internal hazards) or that could affect the community that the health facility serves (external hazards) is assessed.

21. Risk assessment Risk HazardVulnerability Capacity = X

22. Risk assessment Hazard – Type – Frequency – Magnitude

23. Risk assessment Vulnerability – Physical – Social – Economical – Psychological

24. Risk assessment Capacity – Human resources – Physical resources – Systems

25. Preparedness Planning Disaster preparedness planning involves identifying – organizational resources – Determining roles and responsibilities, – developing policies and procedures and – planning activities

26. Preparedness Planning Planning emergency actions is a process; it is not a one-time event. The actual planning process is preliminary in nature and is performed in a state of uncertainty until an actual emergency or disaster occurs. After a disaster occurs, plans must be adapted to the actual situation

27. Preparedness Planning as a process Experience shows that plans created by an external person or by an isolated individual or agency are usually not valued and used. Therefore, a team approach is desirable.

28. Preparedness Planning as a process A team approach allows for diverse perspectives to be shared during the planning stage. It also helps ensure that the team has access to precise and complete information.

29. Communicating Preparedness Plans It is essential to communicate and coordinate plans with all stakeholders involved – Government organizations – Non-government organizations – Corporate sector – Community-based organizations – Community

30. Communicating Preparedness Plans Sharing preparedness plans will – improve planning, – reduce duplication of efforts, – make plans more realistic and – increase the overall effectiveness of disaster response.

31. Preparedness Plan Components Management, organization and coordination Assessment of probable needs Activating population emergency notification and disaster response systems Emergency needs assessment Communication between agencies Resource mobilization and allocation Sector components

32. Sector Components – Rescue and medical assistance for the affected – Water and sanitation – Food and nutrition – Logistics and transport – Other domestic needs of the affected populations – Health and nutrition – Shelter – Search and reunification of families – Protection and security

33. Activities to ensure plan implementation Drill Simulation – Desktop simulations – Computer-based simulations

34. Summary All-hazard preparedness is specially relevant for health sector. All-hazard preparedness can be cost saving. Time spent on preparedness planning can save life, reduce disease and disability and improve quality of life.