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Mars Through Time - Day 2
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Impact Cratering Activities Crater Boxes Online Impact Cratering Lab
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Observation or Inference?
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Mars Through Time Blue Marble Matches with Paige Valderrama Graff from NASA Johnson Space Center
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LUNCH!! Please move items on the KWL chart if you feel we have learned something this morning!
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Mars Mystery Rocks Credit: Ward’s Scientific
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Using Reflectance Spectrometry to Identify Compositions Credit: NASA/JPL-CalTech Credit: NASA/JPL-CalTech/LANL
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How Do We See Mars? Our eyes, cameras, and mission instruments use the sunlight reflected off its surface.
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Spectra Are “Fingerprints” Fingerprints can be used to identify individual people Credit: http://math-blog.com Credit: http://www.vetmed.vt.edu Credit: http://www.moillusions.com
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Spectra Are “Fingerprints” Spectra are unique to elements and minerals Used to identify minerals; rocks Credit: Univ. of Toronto Credit: ChemCam/LANL/IRAP/CNES
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Types of Spectra Credit: http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr162/lect/light/spectra2.gif
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Using the ALTA to take a Spectrum These rocks are “Mars” rocks that you—like a rover on a mission— are analyzing. Your task it to determine their possible compositions, by comparing the Mars rocks’ spectra to known Earth rocks’ spectra. Credit: Ward’s Scientific
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Using the ALTA to take a Spectrum These rocks are “Mars” rocks that you—like a rover on a mission— are analyzing. Your task it to determine its possible composition, by comparing the Mars rocks’ spectra to known Earth rocks’ spectra. Buttons on front, LEDs & detector on the back Push each button on the front and see what happens on the back
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Using the ALTA to take a Spectrum What is the ALTA doing? Light from diode strikes the surface of the sample Light reflected off the sample enters the detector Read-out on the front indicates how much of the light has been reflected (voltage) Because each ALTA has its own sensitivities, the read-out should be compared to the reflectance of white paper
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Taking the Dark Voltage What happens if you place the ALTA down flat and don’t turn on any of the lights? You still have a number - ALTA’s photodetector and electronics don’t go to zero. This is your “Dark Voltage”
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Using the ALTA to take a Spectrum Need a large flat surface if possible. Try not to let outside light into the detector. Work in groups of 4; one can hold the sample and ALTA, one can press the buttons, one to record the data, etc. Begin with taking the data for two stacked pieces of white paper.
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Terrestrial Spectrum #1
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Terrestrial Spectrum #2
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Terrestrial Spectrum #3
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Terrestrial Spectrum #4
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Terrestrial Spectrum #5
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Terrestrial Spectrum #6
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Mars Through Time Let’s take a break! Next: Learn more about martian mineralogy with Dr. Liz Rampe from NASA Johnson Space Center.
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Is it Science? Three-minute clip from Animal Planet’s “Finding Bigfoot” Think to yourself: How is it science? How is it not science? Write your thoughts on the hand-out
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Lava Layering
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