1. PETE 310 Lectures # 12 -13 Properties of Dry Gases (pages 165-187)

2. Phase Diagram of a Dry Gas Reservoir

3. DRY GAS RESERVOIRS: –GOR > 100,000 SCF/STB –No liquid produced at surface –Mostly methane

4. Standard Conditions  Unify volumes to common grounds for sales and regulatory purposes –T = 60 0 F –P = 14.65 – 15.025 (State dependent) Then V M = RT sc /P sc

5. Reservoir Engineering Properties of Dry Gases  Gas formation volume factor Bg Reservoir Conditions Standard Conditions

6. [res bbl/SCF] or [ft 3 /SCF] Gas Formation Volume Factor Volume of an arbitrary amount of gas at reservoir T & P Volume of SAME amount at standard T & P

7. [res bbl/SCF] or [ft 3 /SCF] Gas Formation Volume Factor

9. [res bbl/SCF] or [ft 3 /SCF] Gas Formation Volume Factor

10. Viscosity Definition & Units  Viscosity is a measure of the resistance to flow exerted by a fluid  This is called dynamic viscosity and has units of centipoise = g mass / 100 sec cm  Kinematic viscosity is viscosity / density, units are in centistokes = centipoise /g/cc

11. Reservoir Engineering Properties of Dry Gases  Gas Viscosity Viscosity (cp) Pressure T increasing 100 o F 150 o F 200 o F 100 o F 150 o F 200 o F

12. Viscosity of Ethane

13. Viscosity of Gases at Atmospheric Pressure

14. Viscosity of Gas Mixtures See example 6-9

15. Example

16.  Read Molecular Weights table A-1 page 492  Read Viscosities figure 6-7  Apply formula…

17. Gas Viscosity if Composition is Unknown Still at atmospheric pressure!

18. Viscosity Corrections

19. Viscosity of Gases at High Pressure  =ratio*  at

20. Viscosity of Gases at High Pressure make sure you check thespecificgravityrange

21. Accuracy for Viscosity Correlations?  At low P pr and low gravities + 2%  Agreement is less accurate as specific gravity increases (fig. 6-12 has about 20% accuracy)

22. Isothermal Compressibility  Definition –Derivative is evaluated at constant T = T A and specified pressure P = P A

23. Isothermal Gas Compressibility P1P1 V2V2 V1V1 TBTB P2P2 V ave = (V 1 +V 2 )/2 TATA PAPA

24. Isothermal Compressibility (Cg)

25. Isothermal Compressibility  Using ideal gas equation

26. Isothermal Compressibility  Using real gas equation

27. GasCompressibility