2. Asthma Function and Role of Asthma Affects: Adults Children Signs and Syptoms: Wheezing Shortness of Breath Winded Episodes Chest Tightness Early morning or nighttime cough Spirometry Methacholine Magnesium Immunomodulatory Function 2

3. In the United States, there are 15 million affected with asthma. In1,000 people, there’s increase of 34% to 49.4% annually. Annually, there’s an overall increase of 42% From 1992 to 1995, Annual Death rate rose to 40% Annually, 6.2 billion is spent by the national government. 3

4. CDC, Asthma National Asthma Education Prevention Program National Center for Environmental Health American Lung Association 4

5. Enhance Standards of Care Improve self-management skills Asthma education’s importance Eradicate or diminish asthma stimulus in societies Keep track of asthma’s prevalence 5

6. Behavioral Risk Factors Hyperventilation Food allergies Respiratory infections Stress Anxiety Environmental Risk Factors Smoke Pollen Air Pollution Animals Mold Weeds Grass 6

7. 7

8. National Level Allocating funds for Research, Trending, Program Improvements State Level Leadership, Community collaborative undertakings, Development of quality care proposals, Program Improvement and Implementation, Data Reporting, Advisory Care Committees, Management of funds Local Level Awareness, Outreach, Resource Recognition, Community Assistance, Program Reporting, Process Improvement, Community partnership, Medical Collaborations 8

9. Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) in cooperation with local governments, academic institutions, health care professionals, and patient congregates: Imparting resources Providing evidence-based interventions Recognizing events like annual festivals: World Asthma Day 9

10. Government Programs Health Objectives National Asthma Education and Prevention Program National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences National Library of Medicine U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Local Government: - prevention and intervention management State Government: - environmental effects and its reduction, and education and treatment programs Federal Government: - data collection and analysis, research funding, improved medications, funding state and community programs 10

11. Primary Interventions 1. Regular monitoring of medications 2. Healthy eating habits 3. Managing or controlling colds or infections 4. Avoiding smokes and strong odors 5. Eradicating pollen or molds Secondary Preventions 1. Recognizing individuals at high risk 2. Research studies on preventive measures 3. Providing education about environmental cleanliness 4. Familiarize on anti-inflammatory medications Tertiary Preventions 1. Individuals affected should identify triggers and avoid them 2. Identify medications that can stimulate an episode 3. Regular intake of prescribed medications 4. Avoiding cows milk for it induces an episode 11

12. Asthma Remedies Healthy eating habits Exercise Alternative Treatments: herbal Prescribed Medications: Long-term and short-term Avoiding Triggers Effective Prescribed Medications 1.Inhalers 2.Allergy Shots 3.Allergy Medication 4.Steroids 12

13. 13 Effect Strategies

14. 14 Resource Gaps

15. 15 Now 5 Years Changes

16. Function and role of asthma Asthma Treatments The Causes, behavior, and environment Asthma Management Future for Asthma management 16

17. American Lung Association. (2009). A National Asthma Public Policy Agenda. Retrieved --------------------, from http://www.lungusa.org/lung-disease/asthma/advocacy/reports/National-Asthma-Public-Policy-Agenda-January-2009.pdfhttp://www.lungusa.org/lung-disease/asthma/advocacy/reports/National-Asthma-Public-Policy-Agenda-January-2009.pdf Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2009). Data and Surveillance. -------------------, from http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/asthmadata.htm http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/asthmadata.htm Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC). (2010). Government Departments, Agencies, and Resources. ---------------- from http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/public_health.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/asthma/public_health.html Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (10 march 2010). The Community Guide. -------------------, from http://www.thecommunityguide.org/asthma/supportingmateria ls/RG-multicomponent.html http://www.thecommunityguide.org/asthma/supportingmateria ls/RG-multicomponent.html Department of Health and Human Services. (2000). Action against Asthma A Strategic Plan for the Department of Health and Human Services. ------------------, from http://aspe.hhs.gov/sp/asthma/index.htm#tochttp://aspe.hhs.gov/sp/asthma/index.htm#toc Lyon, S. K. (2011). A Review of Potential State and Local Policies to Reduce Asthma Disparities. American College of Chest Physicians. Retrieved April 18, 2011, from h ttp://chestjournal.chestpubs.org/content/132/5_suppl/840S.full Mahalo. (2007-2011). Asthma. -------------------, from http://www.mahalo.com/asthma/http://www.mahalo.com/asthma/ Merck. (March 2009). The State of Childhood Asthma and Future Directions: Strategies for Implementing Best Practices. Retrieved ----------------,from http://www.mcanonline.org/pdf/HighlightsStateofChildhoodAsthmaSupplement.pdf University of Chicago. (2007). All About Asthma: Emotional and Social Effects. ------------------,from http://asthma.bsd.uchicago.edu/AboutAsthma/emotional.html http://asthma.bsd.uchicago.edu/AboutAsthma/emotional.html U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2009, September). Asthma Care Quality Improvement: A Resource Guide for State Action. -------------, from Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: http://www.ahrq.gov/qual/asthmacarehttp://www.ahrq.gov/qual/asthmacare RCHN Foundation. (2010, August 3). Affordable Care Act, Medical Homes, and Childhood Asthma. New York, New York, United States. ----------------- 17