1. United States of America and Canada

2. Human Environment and Interaction
St Lawrence Seaway - North America’s most important deep water ship route; joint project between USA and Canada.
A system of locks, canals, and channels that allow large ship to travel from central North America, through the Great Lakes, and out to the Atlantic Ocean.

4. Human Environment and Interaction
The diagram below shows the sequence ships would travel from west to east. Notice the depth of the lakes, and the elevation change from Lake Erie to Montreal. Without the locks boats would not have been able to travel over this area because of waterfalls.

5. Railroads
Trains were instrumental in settling the western part of the United States of America.
To encourage development of rail lines westward, the government offered railroad companies massive land grants and bonds. Railroads received millions of acres of public lands and sold that land to generate money for the construction of the railroads. The federal government gave 134 million acres of land as incentives to the railroads.

6. Human Environment and Interaction
Hoover Dam

7. Human Environment and Interaction

8. Human Environment and Interaction
Hoover Dam
Why was it built
To help control flooding
To provide water for irrigation
To produce hydroelectric power

9. Population and Migration
Beringia-Land bridge that once connected Siberia and Alaska

10. Population and Migration
Columbian Exchange - The exchange of plants, animals, disease, and people (slaves) between the old and new worlds.

11. Population and Migration
Melting Pot (USA) vs Mosaic (Canada)
Melting pot is much closer to assimilation
Mosaic is much closer to multiculturalism
Plano, TX –no “towns”
Los Angeles- Chinatown, Korea town, Little Italy,

12. Population Geography of Canada
About 90% of Canada’s population lives within 100 miles of the US-Canadian border.
One-third of Canada’s population lives in Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.

13. Population Geography of USA
East Coast-first settled, then West Coast, Middle America.

14. Culture/Government
Canada is a constitutional monarchy and a federal state with a democratic parliament.
USA-Constitution-based federal republic; strong democratic tradition

15. Culture-People Metis- People of French and Native heritage.
Immigrant-someone who comes to a new country. (Push or Pull) Railways (Pull)
Refugee- someone forced to flee their country due to war, persecution or violence. (Push)

16. Culture Religion Canada- Catholics 44% Protestants 30% USA-

17. Culture Language
Canada - 2 official languages
French and English
USA - O official languages. The federal government has never mandated an official language
English spoken by 80% of America
Spanish spoken by 30% of America

18. Regions Maritime or Atlantic Provinces #5 Easternmost provinces
Cod fishing
The Grand Banks

19. Regions Core #4 Home to ⅔ of the population
Settled along Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River
Divided between British and French origins

20. Regions Western Provinces #2 Borders Pacific Ocean
Centered on Vancouver
Home to the second largest Chinatown in North America

21. Regions Northern Frontier #1 Nickel, copper, and uranium mines
Home to forestry, pulp manufacture, and hydroelectricity industries

22. Regions Pacific West Population boom during 1840s Gold Rush
Home to mining, ranching, high tech, and entertainment industries
Rapidly increasing urban population due to high birth rate and immigration

23. Regions Northeast Longest history of European settlement,
Gateway to immigrants
Urban areas are major economic centers
Diverse population, usually votes Democrat

24. Regions Midwest Once the “Western Frontier” Breadbasket of the US
Manufacturing blue-collar hub
Declining urban population

25. Regions South Formerly based on slavery and cash crops
Moving from primary to secondary and tertiary sectors
Large African-American population
Strongly Christian, usually votes Republican

26. Regions
Great Plains
Staging point of war between Native Americans and American settlers
Cities founded as railroad hubs for cattle
Home to farming and cattle industries
Many small towns with fewer cities

27. Regions Acquired by the US in late 19th century
Alaska and Hawaii
Acquired by the US in late 19th century
Home to tourism, fishing, oil, mining, and forestry industries
Large Native American and Asian populations