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4. Type I (Anaphylactic) Reactions Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergy Type I Allergies Immunology Applications: Immune Disorders > Type I Allergies Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/microbiology?campaign_content=book_5777_section_191&campaign_term=Microbiology&utm_campaign=powerpoint&utm_ medium=direct&utm_source=boundless

5. Common triggers for anaphylaxis include venom from insect bites or stings, foods, and medication. People with atopic diseases such as asthma, eczema, or allergic rhinitis have a high risk of anaphylaxis from food, latex, and radiocontrast agents. Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that starts suddenly and affects many body systems due to the release of inflammatory mediators and cytokines from mast cells and basophils. Type I (Anaphylactic) Reactions Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/microbiology/textbooks/alternative-to-microbiology-principles-and-explorations-8th-jacquelyn-g-black-0470646217- 9780470646212/immunology-applications-immune-disorders-18/type-i-allergies-191/type-i-anaphylactic-reactions-908- 7107?campaign_content=book_5777_section_191&campaign_term=Microbiology&utm_campaign=powerpoint&utm_medium=direct&utm_source =boundless Hives and flushing on the back of a person with anaphylaxis View on Boundless.com Immunology Applications: Immune Disorders > Type I Allergies

6. To assess the presence of allergen-specific IgE antibodies, you can use one of two methods: a skin-prick test or an allergy blood test. Challenge testing is when small amounts of a suspected allergen are introduced to the body orally, through inhalation, or via other routes. Patch testing is used to help ascertain the cause of skin contact allergy (contact dermatitis). Traditional treatment and management of allergies consisted of simply avoiding the allergen in question. Several antagonistic drugs are used to block the action of allergic mediators or to prevent activation of cells and degranulation processes. Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergy Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/microbiology/textbooks/alternative-to-microbiology-principles-and-explorations-8th-jacquelyn-g-black-0470646217- 9780470646212/immunology-applications-immune-disorders-18/type-i-allergies-191/diagnosis-and-treatment-of-allergy-909- 5767?campaign_content=book_5777_section_191&campaign_term=Microbiology&utm_campaign=powerpoint&utm_medium=direct&utm_source =boundless Allergy Skin Testing View on Boundless.com Immunology Applications: Immune Disorders > Type I Allergies

7. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Appendix

8. Key terms allergen a substance that causes an allergic reaction anaphylaxis A severe and rapid systemic allergic reaction to an allergen, causing a constriction of the trachea, preventing breathing; anaphylactic shock. antihistamine a drug or substance that counteracts the effects of a histamine. Commonly used to alleviate the symptoms of hay fever and other allergies hives Itchy, swollen, red areas of the skin which can appear quickly in response to an allergen or due to other conditions. mast cells A mast cell is a resident cell of several types of tissues and contains many granules rich in histamine and heparin. Mat cells play a role in allergy, anaphylaxis, wound healing and defense against pathogens. skin prick test Skin-prick testing is also known as "puncture testing" and "prick testing" because of the series of tiny punctures or pricks made in the patient's skin. Small amounts of suspected allergens or their extracts (pollen, grass, mite proteins, peanut extract, etc.) are introduced to sites on the skin marked with pen or dye. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Immunology Applications: Immune Disorders

9. Allergy Skin Testing Skin testing on an arm. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia. "Allergy skin testing." CC BY-SA http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Allergy_skin_testing.JPG View on Boundless.comCC BY-SAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Allergy_skin_testing.JPGView on Boundless.com Immunology Applications: Immune Disorders

10. Hives and flushing on the back of a person with anaphylaxis Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia. "BackRed." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:BackRed.JPG View on Boundless.comCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:BackRed.JPGView on Boundless.com Immunology Applications: Immune Disorders

11. Anaphylaxis A representation of the signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis that result from an allergic reaction. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia. "Signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis." Public domain http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Signs_and_symptoms_of_anaphylaxis.png View on Boundless.comPublic domainhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Signs_and_symptoms_of_anaphylaxis.pngView on Boundless.com Immunology Applications: Immune Disorders

12. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Immunology Applications: Immune Disorders All of the following are true about Type I hypersensitivity reactions EXCEPT: A) mediators of the reaction include histamine B) the reactions often occur within minutes of exposure to the allergen C) examples include hay fever and asthma D) IgG and IgM antibodies are involved

13. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comwww.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com/ Immunology Applications: Immune Disorders All of the following are true about Type I hypersensitivity reactions EXCEPT: A) mediators of the reaction include histamine B) the reactions often occur within minutes of exposure to the allergen C) examples include hay fever and asthma D) IgG and IgM antibodies are involved

14. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Immunology Applications: Immune Disorders Mike went in for a skin prick test to determine what he is allergic to. He is tested for cats (his pet), dust mites, mold spores, grass and pollen. He does not develop any inflammatory reactions. Mike is allergic to: A) cats B) dust mites C) he is not allergic to any of the allergens tested D) grass

15. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comwww.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com/ Immunology Applications: Immune Disorders Mike went in for a skin prick test to determine what he is allergic to. He is tested for cats (his pet), dust mites, mold spores, grass and pollen. He does not develop any inflammatory reactions. Mike is allergic to: A) cats B) dust mites C) he is not allergic to any of the allergens tested D) grass

16. Attribution Wikipedia. "Allergy." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AllergyCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergy Wiktionary. "antihistamine." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/antihistamineCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/antihistamine Wiktionary. "allergen." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/allergenCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/allergen Wikipedia. "skin prick test." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/skin%20prick%20testCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/skin%20prick%20test Wikipedia. "Anaphylaxis." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/AnaphylaxisCC BY-SA 3.0http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaphylaxis Wiktionary. "hives." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hivesCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hives Wiktionary. "anaphylaxis." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/anaphylaxisCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/anaphylaxis Wikipedia. "mast cells." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/mast%20cellsCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/mast%20cells Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Immunology Applications: Immune Disorders