1. The Courageous Follower A New View of Leader-Follower Relationships LeaderFollowers Based on the Books The Courageous Follower and The Art of Followership Copyright 2009, Ira Chaleff. May be used with attribution

2. Highlights of the Emerging Field of Followership Studies Leader-centric studies citing role of followers 1988 - HBR article “In Praise of Followers” by Robert Kelley 1992 – The Power of Followership – Kelley 1995 – The Courageous Follower – Chaleff 2003 – Dixon – Dissertation on Chaleff model 2005 – Lipman-Blumen – Allure of Toxic Leaders 2006 – Rethinking Followership Conference 2008 – The Art of Followership – Lipman-Blumen, Riggio, Chaleff 2008 – Followership – Barbara Kellerman 2008 – ILA Followership Learning Community 2009 – Weekly enquiries re: dissertations/ books/articles

3. Why Followership Now? Groundwork laid by leadership scholarship Failures of leadership at all levels Inverted pyramid in knowledge orgs Widespread access to information Telecommunications enabling peer to peer orientation/collaboration Language/memes entering the culture Professional development generating followership standards

4. Resistance to being “a follower” Cultural bias towards leaders Confusion between follower as personality type and follower as role

5. 5 Leader-Follower Organization Source: Gene Dixon

6. Resistance to being “a follower” Cultural bias towards leaders Confusion between follower as personality type and follower as role Desire for egalitarianism

7. 7 Shifting Roles Leader Follower

8. 8 Shifting Roles Leader Follower

9. 9 Shifting Roles Leader Follower Distinctions still exist when roles shift with activity

10. Resistance to being “a follower” Cultural bias towards leaders Confusion between follower as personality type and follower as role Desire for egalitarianism Lack of positive models of followership

11. Common Purpose The Courageous Follower: A New Model of Leader-Follower Relationships LeaderFollowers Shared Values Leaders and Followers Serve a Common Purpose Source: The Courageous Follower – Ira Chaleff

12. Five Dimensions of Courageous Followership Courage to: Assume Responsibility for common purpose Support leader and group energetically Take Moral Action when needed Participate in Transformation Constructively Challenge counterproductive policies & behaviors Source: The Courageous Follower – Ira Chaleff

13. 13 ImplementerPartner High Support Low Support Resource High Constructive Challenge Low Constructive Challenge Individualist Followership Styles Source: The Courageous Follower – Ira Chaleff

14. 14 Why do Leaders Need Partners? What dynamics of Leader development and behavior require Courageous Follower behavior?

15. 15 Visibility & Pressures Intensify as Leader Rises Regulation Rivals Interest Groups Family Press Budget Identity Groups Litigation Leaders Need Energetic Support

16. 16 Impact Magnifies as Leader Rises Leaders Need Constructive Feedback

17. 17 Candid Information & Feedback Negative Result 2. Improved Action Disconfirming Feedback 1. Poor Action = Learning

18. 18 Interrupted Candor & Feedback Leader Follower 2. Continued Poor Action = No Learning Inhibited Feedback Screened-out Feedback 1.Action Source: The Courageous Follower – Ira Chaleff

19. 19 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Physical Survival Safety Social Needs - Belonging Achievement Self- Actualization Courage and Skill are needed to speak up

20. 20 Other Models of Followership Styles Art of Followership Chapter 1: Robert Kelley  Independent Thinking & Action Engagement  Exemplary Followers vs, Sheep, Yes-people, Alienated and Pragmatics Art of Followership Chapter 11: Rodger Adair  How employees view themselves  Disciples and Doers vs. Disengaged and Disgruntleds Followership: Barbara Kellerman  Levels of engagement  Isolate, Bystander, Participant, Activist, Diehard

21. 21 Need for a Research Agenda  Role of followership in world events  Followership in different cultures  Early follower development  Evolving role of followers  Language of followership  Courageous Conscience * Adapted from Kelley chapter – Art of Followership

22. 22 For more information Leader-Follower Partnership The Key To The Courageous Follower www.courageousfollower.com International Leadership Association’s Followership Community of Learning http://followership2.pbwiki.com/