1. 12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session 1 Ronald.Wiman@formin.fi CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR MAINSTREAMING DISABILITY IN THE DEVELOPMENT AGENDA

2. 12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session 2 Ronald.Wiman@formin.fi Contents Convention Cuts Across All Sectors - And Implies Thus Mainstreaming Case Finland: Policy and Practice Good Practice Examples by Partners Lessons (to be) Learned

3. 12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session 3 Ronald.Wiman@formin.fi The Convention - Some Obsevations Away from the charity, welfare or simple protection models to the Rights-Based Model Human Rights are indivisible; disability becomes a cross- cutting, systemic, societal policy issue This implies mainstreaming disability in all sectors Non-discrimination + resonable accommodation = Design-for-All (Universal Design) Participation evolves toward the right to be involved From voluntary action to be guided by a legally binding instrument Reporting obligation creates a need for systematic monitoring

4. 12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session 4 Ronald.Wiman@formin.fi New Development Cooperation Policy of Finland 2007, Some Highlights Eradication of poverty through economically, socially and ecologically sustainable development Comprehensive approach to development; join global interests and need for development partnership Cross-cutting themes: gender; social equality; rights and equal opportunties of easily excluded groups incl. people with disabilities; HIV/AIDS as a health and societal challenge Development partnerships between public and private sectors

5. 12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session 5 Ronald.Wiman@formin.fi Finnish 3-track Disability and Development Policy (2004) 1.Mainstream disability in all sectors and accommodate people with disabilities on basis of the equal & universal Human Rights approach 2.Complement universal provisions with targeted, additional support and services to equalize access and opportunities for people with disabilities 3.Empower people with disabilities collectively to help them have a stronger voice (support DPOs) Coherence in the perspectives: Communiques of Nordic Countries Ministers for Development Cooperation 2000 and 2005 Label us Able - A Proactive Evaluation of Finnish Disability Development Cooperation from Disability Perspective (2003) Finnish Government Report on Disability (2006): all sectors responsible EU-positions and forthcoming guideline manual on mainstreaming

6. 12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session 6 Ronald.Wiman@formin.fi Disability - Specific ODA Activities Of the bilateral Finnish Official Development Assistance (ODA) 5% goes for disability-specific activities Channeled mainly through NGOs/DPOs (75%) Disability projects by NGOs/DPOs require only 7.5% own funding (others 15%) But: Disability-specific activities are not mainstreaming Goverment Evaluation Unit audit concerning the cross- cutting themes is ongoing ? What is the responsibility of the states for mainstreaming, can it be outsourced?

7. 12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session 7 Ronald.Wiman@formin.fi Examples of Mainstreaming Long history: support to the UN in 1990s resulted in the Manual on Inclusive Planning Support to the Word Bank to include disability aspects to PRSP sector analyses (expetise and trust funds) Sector-specific mainstreaming: inclusive education initiatives (e.g Ethiopia, South Africa, the Balkans) EFA (Education for All) flagship for inclusive education secretariat at the Univ. of Jyväskylä Global Partnership on Disability and Develoment (GPDD, with Italy, Norway and the World Bank) Disability component in the training at the Ministry Use of DPOs as contracted expert bodies in project appraisal - nothing about us without us

8. 12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session 8 Ronald.Wiman@formin.fi Examples of Good Practices by Partners Working on Disability in Country Programmes. A DFID practice paper (Department for International Cooperation, UK, 2007) Making Povery Reduction Strategies (PRSP) Inclusive - handbook and field projects by Handicap International (HI) and Christoffel- Blindenmission (CBM) in partnership with World Bank, GTZ/Germany, the Secretariat of the African Decade of Disabled Persons and the GPDD Ethiopian CBR - Network of 39 organizations, covering 50% of the country (CBR= Community Based Rehabilitation) World Bank: Social Analysis and Disability: A Guidance Note Incorporating Disability-Inclusive Development into Bank-Supported Projects

9. 12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session 9 Ronald.Wiman@formin.fi Lessons (to be) Learned A Society for All - Disabled people as beneficiaries - and as contributing agents of action Two -or three- tracks: mainstreaming + complementary targeted support + collective empowerment - for strengthen the voice of People with Disabilities Tools for inclusive planning and budgeting needed - and many do exist Awareness raising and sensitization needed in all agencies Including disability is itself a good practice of good policy, good governance, good planning and good implementation Partnerships are challenging but necessary - old business as usual is not the option

10. 12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session 10 Ronald.Wiman@formin.fi Conclusion Disability issues should be handled within the context of the main policy, plan, operation and organization of each sector - not as an after thought or an add-on and budgeted as part of normal and necessary costs required for acceptable quality of outcomes from the perspectives of human development, social sustainability, equity, accessibility and economic cost-effectiveness A society fit for disabled people is a good society for all. (The Manual on Inclusive Planning)

11. 12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session 11 Ronald.Wiman@formin.fi Comprehensive Social Policies for Development in a Globalizing World There are people with disabilities in all target groups Wiman, Voipio & Ylönen (eds 2007)

12. 12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session 12 Ronald.Wiman@formin.fi Reference Material (1) Convention (ICPRD) implementation toolkit by DPI: Convention (ICPRD) implementation toolkit by DPI Label us Able. Evaluation of Finnish Development Cooperation from the Disability Perspective. Min. for Foreign Affairs, 2003 Label us Able. Evaluation of Finnish Development Cooperation from the Disability Perspective Wiman, R, Voipio, T, Ylönen, M (2007): Comprhensive Social Policies for Development in a Globalizing World. Ministry for Foreign Affairs. Finland Wiman, R, Voipio, T, Ylönen, M (2007): Comprhensive Social Policies for Development in a Globalizing World

13. 12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session 13 Ronald.Wiman@formin.fi Reference Material (2) Working on Disability in Country Programmes. DFID How to Note (2007) by HI and CBM (2007)Working on Disability in Country Programmes. DFID How to Note (2007) Making PRSP Inclusive.by HI and CBM (2007) Wiman, R (ed): Disability Dimension in Development Action. Manual on Inclusive Planning. STAKES for the UN (1997, 2000, 2003) Wiman, R (ed): Disability Dimension in Development Action. Manual on Inclusive Planning

14. 12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session 14 Ronald.Wiman@formin.fi Contact Details Ronald Wiman Senior Social Development Advisor KEO-12/ Department for Development Policy Ministry for Foreign Affairs Katajanokanlaituri 3 P.O.Box 176; FIN-00161 Helsinki, Finland Tel: +358-9-1605559; GSM: +358-40-556 4812 e-mail: Ronald.Wiman@formin.fi Disability and Development site: http://info.stakes.fi/ssd/EN/index.htm GPDD- Site on Disability and Poverty Reduction: http://info.stakes.fi/ssd/EN/disabilityandpoverty/index.htm