1. A Living Planet

2. The Earth Inside and Out Continents –North America –South America –Europe –Asia –Africa –Antarctica –Australia

3. The Solar System Consists of sun and nine planets –comets, asteroids

4. Earth’s Structure Three main layers Core –Inner Iron and nickel –Outer Liquid Mantle –Most of Earth’s mass

5. Earth’s Structure Crust –Thin layer at earth’s surface

6. Earth’s Structure Atmosphere –Layer of gas around Earth Lithosphere –Crust and uppermost mantle Hydrosphere –Water elements of the Earth Biosphere –Atmosphere, lithosphere, and hydrosphere

7. Earth’s Structure Continental Drift –Wegener Pangaea or supercontinent

8. Bodies of Water and Landforms Oceans –Atlantic –Pacific –Indian –Arctic

9. Bodies of Water and Landforms Seas –Bering –Caribbean –Baltic –Mediterranean –Black –Sea of Japan –North

10. Lakes, Rivers, and Streams Lakes –Largest Freshwater is Baikal (Russia) –Largest Saltwater is Caspian Sea (Western Asia)

11. Internal Forces Shaping the Earth Plate Tectonics –Molten rock flows slowly –Tectonic plates ride on flowing rock –There are 7 large plates

12. Plate Tectonics Eurasian North American South American Antarctic African Indo-Australian Pacific

13. Plate Tectonics Plates move in four ways –Spreading –Subduction –Collision –Sliding

14. Plate Tectonics Three types of boundaries form –Divergent Move apart –Convergent Collide –Transform Slide past

15. Plate Tectonics Find an example of each in your textbook and put them in your notes –Pg 38

16. Plate tectonics Folds and Faults –Caused by extreme pressure –Flexible rocks fold –Inflexible rocks crack causing faults

17. Plate Tectonics Earthquakes –Caused when plates contact each other –95% of all earthquakes occur around pacific plates –Tsunamis Caused by underwater earthquakes

18. Plate Tectonics Volcanoes –Found mostly along plate boundaries –What are hot spots? –Ring of Fire Pacific Ocean Location of vast majority of active volcanoes

19. External Forces Shaping the Earth Weathering –Changes the characteristics of rock Mechanical –How does it occur? Chemical –How does it occur? What is the difference between the two types of weathering?

20. Erosion –When weather material is moved from one location to another Water Wind Glacial External Forces Shaping the Earth

21. Mount St Helens Before and After –Erupted in 1980

24. Mount St Helens

28. This is an infra-red photo of Mount St. Helens taken in March of 1980, before the eruption. In an infra- red photo, all living things register as red. The picture was taken by a LandSat satellite. And this is an infra-red photo taken by the same satellite, 3 months later. Notice that almost all the red is gone, which means that there is very little life left on the surface.