1. Electric Transportation Cedric Daniels 03/17/2010

2. Outline Introduction Non-Road Market On-Road Market Electric Transportation Research 2

3. INTRODUCTION 33

4. Why Electric Transportation? Energy Independence Efficient Performance Environmental Flexibility 4

5. NON-ROAD MARKET 55

6. Non-Road Market 6 Rail Yards Seaports Airports Forklifts Mining Equipment Dredging Equipment Overland Conveyors Truck-stop Electrificatio n

7. 7 Non-Road Future Electric Container Loader Plug-in Hybrid Yard Tractor Wide Span Crane Electric Tractor Testing Ship Cold Ironing Electric Railways and Switchyards

8. ON-ROAD MARKET 88

9. 07/01/20099 Battery Technology Battery Requirement for EV 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 0102030405060 Battery Energy (kWh) Battery Pack Weight (kg) EVs Now Tesla Roadster EVs of 90s

10. On-Road Market - Status 10 BEVEREVPHEV

11. Series Hybrid: Only electric motor drives the vehicle, no mechanical drivetrain Parallel Hybrid: Both electric motor and mechanical drivetrain drive the vehicle Grid e - HEV or PHEV Saturn Vue; Toyota Prius EREV GM Chevy Volt EV Tesla Roadster; Dodge Zeo Electric Vehicle: Only grid electricity charges the battery Conventional Vehicle: Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) is the only propulsion source Terminology and Definitions 11

12. Ford Escape PHEV Tesla Roadster EV Ford F-550 PHEV Chevrolet Volt EREV GM PHEV Alabama Power Today 12

13. EVSE – Electric Vehicle Service Equipment 13

14. VehicleManufacturer Year of Introduction Battery Cell Supplier Production # 2010 - 2015 General Motors2010LG Chem / Compact Power442,000 Ford2010Saft / JCI89,250 Chrysler2011A123Systems175,000 Toyota2010Panasonic EV Energy289,150 Renault / Nissan2010NEC110,000 Hyundai2013LG Chem / Compact Power12,500 Tesla2009Li-Tec, Saft18,275 Mitsubishi2010GS Yuasa61,250 Remaining Manufacturers*2010263,742 Total1,461,167 Major OEM PEV Announced Production Levels for U.S. * Remaining Manufacturers include: Volkswagen, Daimler, BMW, Think, Miles, BYD 14

15. Forecasted U.S. PEV Market Production 15

16. ET – R&D Project Update 16

17. Outdoor Electric Lift Truck Demo. Results: –Electrics perform equally to combustion –No weather related issues –Drivers preferred electric 17

18. Electrification of a Container Loader Project Description: –ATL airport –Retrofit of a Container Loader Project Results: –Performance is equivalent to diesel –Cost savings of 80% 18

19. Plug-in Hybrid Yard Tractor EPRI: SCE, Centerpoint Energy, NYPA, and Southern Company. Operation is equivalent to diesel Objectives: –Grid Impacts –PHEV Efficiency –Diesel vs. Hybrid –Reliability –User acceptance 19

20. Electric All Terrain Vehicle Objectives: –Environmental impact –Typical use –Gasoline vs. Electric Testing: –Utility Fleet –Military Applications –Other… 20

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