2. UNESCO – APEID The Raja Roy Singh Lecture 2003 Shanghai, 7 November John Daniel Assistant Director-General for Education UNESCO

3. A P E I D Asia-Pacific Programme of Educational Innovation for Development

4. 30 th

5. DEVELOPMENT IS FREEDOM

6. UNESCO – APEID The Raja Roy Singh Lecture 2003 Shanghai, 7 November Quality Education for All: Commodity or Craft? John Daniel Assistant Director-General for Education UNESCO

7. Education for All

8. Not with business as usual

9. TEACHERS 10-35 million needed!

10. ADAM SMITH The Wealth of Nations

11. ADAM SMITH The Wealth of Nations (the production of pins)

12. INDEPENDENT and INTERACTIVE learning activities

13. Quality Education for all Good news and Bad news

14. GET EQUAL

15. G GET EQUAL G = Girls and Gender gender “to eliminate gender disparities in primary and secondary education by 2005 gender and achieve gender equality by 2015 girls with a special focus on ensuring full and equal access for girls to basic education of good quality.”

16. E GET EQUAL E = Elementary/Primary “to ensure that by 2015 all children, especially girls, children in difficult circumstances, and from ethnic minorities have access to and complete free and compulsory primary education of good quality.”

17. Net enrolment ratios by gender and region

18. Out-of-school children by region

19. Changes between 1990-2000 DYNAMIC STATIC Distance from the goal High chance Close and Going Forward High chance Close and Going Forward Serious risk Far and Going Backward Insufficient progress Close but Going Backward Insufficient progress Far but Going Forward

20. Changes between 1990-2000 DYNAMIC STATIC Distance from the goal High chance Close and Going Forward High chance Close and Going Forward Serious risk Far and Going Backward Insufficient progress Close but Going Backward Insufficient progress Far but Going Forward 16 21 20

21. Dakar Composite: Primary, Literacy, Gender Parity Group Asia and Pacific High Chance Australia Azerbaijan Fiji Georgia Japan Kazakhstan Kyrgystan Malaysia Maldives Mongolia Myanmar New Zealand Nuie Philippines Rep Korea Samoa Tajikistan Uzbekistan Vanuatu Viet Nam Insufficient China Indonesia Lao P.D.R. Bangladesh Bhutan Iran Sri Lanka At Risk India Nepal Pakistan

22. Education for All The Global Campaign

23. Education for All The Global Campaign * Planning

24. Education for All The Global Campaign * Planning * Resources - 97% from the country (average)

25. Education for All The Global Campaign * Planning * Resources - 97% from the country (average) - $5.6B external needed annually

26. Education for All The Global Campaign * Planning * Resources - 97% from the country (average) - $5.6B external needed annually - The Fast-Track Initiative

27. ADAM SMITH The Wealth of Nations

28. INDUSTRIALISATION is TECHNOLOGY + DIVISION OF LABOUR

29. TECHNOLOGY is the application of scientific and other organized knowledge to practical tasks by organizations consisting of people and machines.

30. ADAM SMITH The Wealth of Nations 1776

31. “The greatest improvement in the productive powers of labour, and the greater part of the skill, dexterity and judgement with which it is anywhere directed, or applied, seem to have been the effects of the division of labour.”

32. ADAM SMITH The Wealth of Nations (the production of pins)

33. “A workman not educated to this business nor acquainted with the use of the machinery employed in it could scarce, perhaps, with his utmost industry, make one pin in a day, and certainly could not make twenty. But in the way in which this business is now carried on it is divided into a number of branches.

34. “One man draws out the wire, another straights it, a third cuts it, a fourth points it, a fifth grinds it at the top for receiving, the head; to make the head requires two or three distinct operations; to put it on is a peculiar business, to whiten the pins is another; it is even a trade by itself to put them into the paper;

35. “…and the important business of making a pin is, in this manner, divided into about eighteen distinct operations, which, in some manufactories, are all performed by distinct hands, though in others the same man will sometimes perform two or three of them.

36. “I have seen a small manufactory of this kind where ten men only were employed, and where some of them consequently performed two or three distinct operations. But they could, when they exerted themselves, make among them about forty-eight thousand pins in a day.

37. “Each person, therefore, making a tenth part of forty-eight thousand pins, might be considered as making four thousand eight hundred pins in a day. But if they had all wrought separately and independently, and without any of them having been educated to this peculiar business, they certainly could not each of them have made twenty, perhaps not one pin in a day;

38. “…that is, certainly, not the two hundred and fortieth, perhaps not the four thousand eight hundredth part of what they are at present capable of performing, in consequence of a proper division and combination of their different operations.”

39. Productivity increase between 24,000 to 480,000%

40. Why does the transformation that took place in pin making have no parallels in the process of education?

41. How do people learn?

42. Independent Interactive Independent and Interactive learning

43. COMMODITIES (Useful thing; article of trade)

44. Marginal costs of production and distribution drop from: - books…. to - TV programmes….to - CD-ROMs….to - DVDs…. to - Internet

45. COST ACCESS QUALITY THE ETERNAL TRIANGLE OF EDUCATION

46. COST ACCESSQUALITY

47. COST ACCESS QUALITY THE ETERNAL TRIANGLE OF EDUCATION CRAFT

48. COST COMMODITY ACCESSQUALITY

49. Number of students Total cost

50. Number of students Total cost COMMODITY (independent)

51. Number of students Total cost CRAFT (interactive)

52. Number of students Total cost CRAFT COMMODITY

53. Number of students Total cost CRAFT COMMODITY BLEND

54. EDUCATION, Asia-Pacific Cultural Centre for UNESCO

55. EDUCATION, Asia-Pacific Cultural Centre for UNESCO ICT in Education: - Integrating ICT in Education Policies - Teacher training and development - ICTs in the classroom - Empowered non-formal learning

56. COST ACCESS QUALITY THE ETERNAL TRIANGLE OF EDUCATION

57. COST ACCESSQUALITY

58. UNESCO – APEID The Raja Roy Singh Lecture 2003 Shanghai, 7 November Quality Education for All: Commodity or Craft? John Daniel Assistant Director-General for Education UNESCO