2. COLD WAR OPPOSITION The small conflicts of the Cold War

4. National Security Act (1947)  Created the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency)  Created the NSC (National Security Council)  These were the spying agencies for the United States

5. IRAN  Mohamed Mossedeg Prime Minister  Rose out of W.W.II.  Important country for oil (Anglo-Irani Oil Co.)  British control most of the oil  Mossedeg Nationalized the oil fields

6. IRAN cont.  Britain was upset with the nationalization  Nationalization of industry=communism  Britain stops buying Irani oil  Iran becomes a breeding ground for communism

7. IRAN cont.  Operation Ajax—Get rid of Mossedegh  The CIA uses propaganda to gather support for the Shah  CIA kills Mossedegh  Western nations now buy oil from Iran

8. Guatemala  Colonel Jacobo Arbenz Guzman seized United Fruit Company  Receiving weapons from S.U.  CIA secretly inspires a coup  Made it look as if it was a popular revolt

9. MIDDLE EAST  1947 Palestinian Partition  Arabs believe the land belongs to Palestinians  This would lead to 4 wars between Arabs and Jews

10. EGYPT  Gamal Nasser controls Egypt  Wants to nationalize the Suez Canal  We need a friend in the Middle East  Help him finance the Aswan Dam

11. EGYPT cont.  Nasser takes military aid from the Soviets  U.S. withdraws funds for the dam  Nasser nationalizes the Suez Canal  Israel, Britain, France all attack Egypt (1 st Arab-Israeli War)

12. EGYPT cont.  The Soviets agree to finance the Aswan Dam  The U.S. losses and ally in the Middle East  Eisenhower Doctrine: give any Middle Eastern country aid to join the Pro- Democratic West

13. CUBA  Castro overthrows the unpopular gov’t in Cuba led by Batista (Pro- American)  Castro asks the U.S. to give up our base and help, we refuse  This makes Castro turn to the Soviets

14. CUBA cont.  1960- U.S. plans to land Cuban refugees in Cuba to start a revolution  CIA trains La Brigada  Bay of Pigs incident fails miserably  Kennedy does not give up

15. BAY OF PIGS

16. CUBA cont.  Operation Mongoose also fails (assassination attempt on Castro)  Castro and Khrushchev put missiles in Cuba and point them at the U.S.  We blockade the island of Cuba to stop missile shipments  Cuban Missile Crisis

17. CUBA cont.  Kennedy and Khrushchev agree to remove missiles from Cuba and Turkey  We keep our missiles in Turkey  Closest we came to war with U.S.S.R.

18. HUNGARY  Following Polish success in gaining some freedoms from the U.S.S.R.  People protest in Hungarian streets  U.S.S.R. does not want to give in  Attack with tanks, harshly put down the protest  Hungary expects American help, it doesn’t come

19. THE EFFECTS  Many of these incidents have a great effect on our current relationships with these countries  We still don’t trade with Cuba  We have poor diplomatic relations with Iran  There is a significant anti-American influence in the Middle East