1. Warm-up List five observations about the picture shown below…

2. Handbook A Applied Biology

3. Scientific Skills Introduction & Discussion-
What are Scientific Skills?
Science process skills= science inquiry skills.
Used to:
Explore the world
Gather information
Identify problems
Answer questions
Solve problems
Do only scientists use these skills?
Have students brainstorm –in pairs ( neighbor ) What are scientific skills? Why are they called this? What are some skills that you think are scientific? Who uses these skills? Only scientists? Students are to write down their ideas. Call on groups and write down ideas on the board.

4. Science Processing Skills
Observing
using five senses- they are?

5. Tools for Observation Microscope Magnifying lens Scale Thermometer
Ruler

6. Comparing and Contrasting
Comparing vs contrasting
similarities ( alike) vs differences
Analyze these two pictures-
Ask students to list similarities in one colummn and differences in another colummn. Write and discuss on board. Can other students observe the same data? Observations should be repeatable.
Comparison activity in pairs-

7. 2. Classifying Data What is data?
Data – Information collected through observation.
Classify- grouping things together that are similar (alike)
What are some examples?
Color, shape, use, size…
When have you done this?
To recognize and study relationships
To organize large groups- easier to study
Classification activity-

8. 3. Modeling and Simulating

9. Modeling and Simulations
Model- tool to represent an object or process.
Examples- 3-D picture, drawing, computer image, diagram, blueprint
When/why would this be used?
When ‘something’ (object or process),is too big or small to see.
Can be more detailed that what your eyes see
When a process is too hard to explain with words

10. Modeling and Simulations
Simulation- a computer model that shows a process.
What are some examples?
Flight training, combat training, computerized dissections
Why use simulations?
Can be used to predict the outcome of an experiment
Training
Show a process

11. 4. Measuring

12. 4. Measuring
Measuring- comparing an unknown value with a known value using standard units. 2 Systems- 1. English System – foot, gallon, pound 2. Metric System ( SI- Systeme International) – based on units of 10. Why do scientists use the metric system? Prefixes- are used to show units kilo-, hecto -, deca-, centi-, milli- Unit- an amount used to measure something

13. PREFIX MEANING (k) kilo- One Thousand ( 1,000 ) (h) hecto-
One Hundred (100 )
(da) deca-
Ten (10 )
BASE UNIT
(meter, liter, gram)
m l g
One ( 1 )
(d) deci-
One tenth (1/10 or 0.1)
(c) centi-
One-hundredth (1/100 or 0.01)
(m) milli-
One- thousandth (1/1,000or 0.001) 13

14. How Will I Ever Remember That???
King- Kilo
Henry - Hecto
Doesn’t - Deca
Usually – unit (Meter, Gram, Liter )
Drink - deci
Chocolate - centi
Milk - milli
LARGEST
SMALLEST

15. Metric Conversions km hm dam Base dm cm mm Let’s try one!
Meter m dm cm mm
Let’s try one!
How many centimeters are in 50 mm? 15

16. Metric Conversions Set up the equation- 50. 0 mm = ___ cm
Simply move the decimal point in the direction you want to go ! km hm
dam
Base
Meter m dm cm mm X
Set up the equation mm = ___ cm
Hint: Where are you starting?
Where do you want to end up?
Which way do you move the decimal point?
What do you do with the extra zeros? 16

17. Simply move the decimal point!!!
Metric Conversions
Simply move the decimal point!!! km hm
dam
Base
Meter m dm cm mm X
50.0 mm = cm
We simply moved the decimal place left 1 space. 17

18. Measuring Length/distance
Meter- unit of length or distance
can measure in cm, mm, km..
Instrument/tool used to measure length - ruler
1 Centimeter
1 Millimeter
Inch 18

19. A B C
How many millimeters are shown at A?
How many millimeters are shown at B?
How many millimeters are shown at C? Centimeters?

20. A B C
How many millimeters are shown at A? 3
How many millimeters are shown at B? 12
How many millimeters are shown at C? 30 Centimeters? 3

21. Measuring Area When would you measure area?
Measuring the area of floor in a room.
Area = Length x Width
Units are square meters (m²) or square centimeters (cm²) 21

22. Measuring Area Practice - Calculate the area of this rectangle 10 cm

23. Measuring Area Calculate the area of this rectangle 10 cm 4 cm
Area= L x W
= 10cm x 4cm
= 40cm²

24. Measuring Mass & Weight
Mass = Amount of matter in something
Gram= metric unit of mass, can also use kg
Instruments to measure mass
Balance
Scale
Weight = measure of the Earth’s gravity pulling an object – unit =pounds

25. Measuring Volume Volume= amount of space matter takes up
Liter= l -unit of liquid volume; but can also use ml
Tool= graduated cylinder

26. Measuring Volume Always read the instrument at eye level
Read the number at the bottom of the curve called the meniscus. 26

27. Measuring Volume of a Solid
Using a ruler
Volume = Length x Width x Height
=2 cm
=2 cm
=3 cm
Volume = L x W x H

28. Measuring Volume of a Solid
Volume = Length x Width x Height
What is the volume of this object?
=2 cm
=2 cm
=3 cm
Units= cm3

29. Measuring Volume of a Solid
Volume = Length x Width x Height
=2 cm
=2 cm
=3 cm
Volume = 3cm x 2 cm x 2 cm
= 12 cm³

30. Measuring Volume of an Irregular Solid
a. calculate initial volume of liquid
b. put solid in liquid
c. subtract initial volume from final volume
d. calculate volume of solid

31. Measuring Temperature
Temperature – measure of the amount of heat energy something contains
Instrument = thermometer
Thermometers are filled with a liquid that expands and moves up the tube when heat is added. 31

32. 3 Temperature Scales Fahrenheit- (F) English system
Celsius (C) – metric system- used by scientists.
Kelvin (K)- used for very low temperatures- below C

33. Comparison Chart Celsius and Fahrenheit Temperatures
Boiling point of water
100 ° C
212 0 F
Human body temperature
37 ° C
98.6 ° F
Room temperature
21 0 C
70 0 F
Freezing point of water
32 ° F
0 ° C 33

34. Analyzing Data and Results
Visual display of data/results

35. 5. Analyzing Data & Communicating Results
Data is organized - logical order, often visually in tables, charts, graphs, diagrams
Table- rows and columns, show numerical data
Graph- bar, line, circle, use coloring or patterns to represent information, typically have x- and y-axis
Communication- sharing information
Results and data are communicated through reports, books, articles, websites

36. 6. Making Predictions INFER = to form a conclusion
make INFERENCES based upon observation or previous experience
Supported by evidence, can be tested by an experiment
ONE POSSIBLE explanation, NOT A FACT
predict = to say ahead of time what you think is going to happen
Make predictions based upon inferences, evidence or past experience

37. Infering

38. Predicting