HIGH CAPACITY PBX SYSTEM - MAINTENANCE -

HIGH CAPACITY PBX SYSTEM - MAINTENANCE -

PURPOSE Purpose of this presentation is to give idea about the maintenance and programming of DS200L system.

TOPICS IN THIS PRESENTATION
IP ADDRESS DEFINITION SOFTWARE LOADING- UPDATING USING SSH SECURE SHELL PROGRAM IDEA- DS200L SYSTEM CONNECTION IDEA-DCC CONNECTION OBTAINING LOG FILES

IP ADDRESS DEFINITION ● DCC Utility Card ● PCU200 Block
● DS200 CC Card

IP ADDRESS DEFINITION DS200L system realizes the communication through IP network in a local area. Thus, the system is isolated from the outer world. This structure is very important for the security of the system. IP adresss definition of DCC Utility Card, PCU200 Block and CC card are explained in the section below. As a prerequisite, these devices should be connected to the network switch in the DS200L system via standard ethernet cables.

IP ADDRESS DEFINITION OF
DCC UTILITY CARD

IP ADDRESS DEFINITION OF DCC UTILITY CARD
Defining IP address to the DCC Utility card is done via Hyperterminal program on the maintenance computer. Maintenance computer, used for programming and maintaining the system, is connected to the same LAN with the DS200L system. It is a Windows O.S. based PC.

HYPERTERMINAL CONNECTION
Connect DCC Utility card to the maintenance computer by a proper serial port cable. Pin-out table of this cable is shown below. NOTE: Before or after this connection, DCC Utility end or maintenance computer end of this cable should not be remained unconnected. In such a case, the cable is subject to external effects (like noise).

Run Hyperterminal and select the proper COM port number.

Then, the settings in the figure below should be done. ● Bits per second  ● Data Bits 8 ● Parity None ● Stop bits  1 ● Flow Control None

Run Hyperterminal and press ENTER button to see $ command prompt.

COMMANDS AT THE HYPERTERMINAL PROGRAM
Type reboot in the $ command prompt. Then press ENTER key and press ESC key immediately to see dcc> command prompt.

Enter the following commands in the given order, when dcc> command prompt appears. ( NOTE: Write IP and MAC addresses of the DCC Utility card on a paper before following the procedure below ) a) dcc> printenv ipaddr The IP address of the DCC Utility card can be viewed by this command. b) dcc> setenv ipaddr A desired IP address is defined for the card by this command. c) dcc> printenv ipaddr The IP address of the DCC Utility card can be checked by this command. d) dcc> saveenv The entire operations performed above are saved by this command

By the commands above IP address definition of DCC Utility card is completed. And commands below can be used for Server IP address and MAC address setting & viewing operations. (NOTE: ServerIP adress is the IP address of the server computer on which ktftp.exe runs. ) e) dcc> printenv serverip The IP address of the server computer, on which ktftp.exe runs is viewed by this command. f) dcc> setenv serverip The IP address of the server computer, on which ktftp.exe runs is changed g) dcc> printenv serverip The IP address of the server computer, on which ktftp.exe runs is checked

h) dcc> printenv ethaddr The MAC address that has been defined for the DCC Utility card is viewed by this command. i) dcc> setenv ethaddr 00:08:d1:02:08:bd A MAC address is defined to the DCC Utility card by this command. j) dcc> printenv ethaddr The MAC address that has been defined for the DCC Utility card is checked IMPORTANT: MAC address definition operation should not be done without receiving the approval of the Karel experts NOTE: IP and MAC addresses used above are given as an example.

A screenshot regarding the commands above can be seen below.

IP ADDRESS DEFINITION OF
PCU200 BLOCK

IP ADDRESS DEFINITION OF PCU200 BLOCK
Firstly, run SSH Secure Shell program by entering the IP address of the PCU200 computer ( by default, IP address of PCU200 computer is written on its label sticker ) . How to run SSH Secure Shell program will be explained in the other sections. After the connection is established, type comman yast and press ENTER key. Thus, YAST control screen of the PCU200 computer is accessed. NOTE: These operations also can be done without starting the system entering the “start” command), running the PCU200 computer will be enough.

Select Network Devices/ Network Card and press ENTER key.

Select Next and press ENTER key.

See the Ethernet devices that have been defined on the PCU200. Go to the relevant ethernet card and select Edit option using TAB key.

Set IP address of the PCU200 computer at the IP address part properly, according to the network structure. Reach Next option by pressing the TAB key and press ENTER key.

Select Next option and then press ENTER key.

See the process as shown in the following window.

After the operation is completed, current IP address is changed. So, SSH Secure Shell connection will be lost and error message as shown below will be viewed. To establish a new connection, new IP address must be entered to the SSH Secure Shell program.

IP ADDRESS DEFINITION OF CC CARD

In order to define IP address to the CC card, “Telnet” connection to CC card must be available. Then, the necessary commands as shown below are entered for IP address definition. NOTE: For this connection, Putty or other Telnet programs can also be used.

At the maintenance computer, select Run option at the Start menu. Type the following command to provide Telnet connection to the CC Card: “telnet -t vt ” ( It is assumed that the IP address of the CC card is ) The screenshot below shows how to make this process.

At the Telnet window enter the following user name and password: Username ( login ) : root Password : ds200

Type the following command to change the IP address and NetMask address: “ chgip ” IP address of the CC card is changed as Additionally, NetMask IP address is changed to

SOFTWARE LOADING- UPDATING

WinSCP PROGRAM WinSCP is used for making the file transfer between the devices in the same network. WinSCP is installed on the maintenance computer. WinSCP is a Windows O.S - based program.

WinSCP PROGRAM After the installation of the program WinSCP is completed, type the IP address of the PCU200 ( Linux PC ) as the Hostname in the main window. The username and the password are entered as follows. Username: root Password: ds200L

WinSCP PROGRAM To save these settings for future connections, click Save option. Then click Login to establish the connection.

WinSCP PROGRAM The left half of the window that opens shows the folders on the maintenance PC ( Windows ) , while the right half displays the ones on the PCU200 ( Linux ). Press icon at the right - top side to reach the upper folders.

WinSCP PROGRAM See etc and karel directories on the window (these directories are loaded to the PCU200 computer by default). But it will be useful to check them.

DIRECTORY ETC

HOSTS FILE If redundant PCU200 computer is available in the system, IP address of the redundant PCU200 must be written into the corresponding part of same row with the x2 definition in the hosts file under the etc directory.

DIRECTORY KAREL Make sure that the files and directories under karel directory shown in the figure below are existing.

PBXCOMM.CONF FILE In order to define DCC block and the towers to the DS200L system, reach pbxcomm.conf file under the karel/home/conf directory. Right-click and select Edit option. It is MANDATORY to write the IP addresses of the towers ( CC cards ) and DCC block into this file. Because when the system is started, system will know which towers and the IP addresses to be communicated by means of the pbxcomm.conf file .

PBXCOMM.CONF FILE pbxcomm.conf includes explanations for correct settings. The settings can be entered after these explanations. IP addresses typed as “ cc ” will be the IP addresses of the towers. IP address typed as “ dcc “ will be the IP address of the DCC block, in other words IP address of the DCC Utility Card . The IP address typed into the 1st row is known as the 1st tower by the system and this order is followed. Maksimum 16 towers can be defined to a DS200L system for now.

PBXCOMM.CONF FILE

LOADING THE MASTER SOFTWARE
OF THE SYSTEM

LOADING THE MASTER SOFTWARE OF THE SYSTEM
Main (master) software of the system runs on the PCU200 computer and exists under karel/bin directory. Loading this software is done via WinSCP program.

The master software that is to be loaded is copied to the karel/bin directory on the maintenance computer . This software can be viewed in the WinSCP program at the left side of the figure below . Then this master software is copied to the karel/bin folder on the PCU200 which is at the right side of the figure below. As the figure below shows, there may be several master softwares and rpm files under the karel/bin folder ( the files which has .rpm extension are zipped files). Use the command “rpm - ivh - -force x_bab_6.rpm” to determine which master software will be running on the system (details are given in the next pages).

After copying the new master software, run SSH Secure Shell program. Reach the root prompt, type cd/karel/bin and press ENTER key. Run the following command: “rpm - ivh - -force x_bab_6.rpm “ By this command, some directories& files are formed under zr_acb_15 directory. NOTE1: x_bab_6.rpm is given as an example of master software. NOTE2: After entering “rpm - ivh - -force x_bab_6.rpm” command, the system should be stopped by the stop command in the SSH Secure Shell program.

Enter “check x_bab_6” command entered in the SSH Secure Shell program to set read-write-execute (r-w-x) permissions of all the files under karel directory (x_bab_6 is given as an example of a master software ). This command also upgrades software version information written in the dsinit.conf file automatically. Then, in the WinSCP program, check if the the master software information under the karel/home/conf/ dsinit.conf is upgraded or not. NOTE: If check command does not operate, ( r-w-x ) permissions of the check file must be checked.

After loading is completed, enter start command in the SSH Secure Shell program to restart the system. Then use dslog command to check that the system is running.

UPDATING THE SOFTWARE OF THE DCC UTILITY CARD

Loading the software to the DCC Utility card is done via Hyperterminal program. Initially, 3 software files exist on the DCC Utility card. Those are U-Boot, Kernel and MTD. Except special requirements, U-Boot and Kernel files will not be upgraded. When the software changes related to the DCC Utility card are performed, the software to be loaded to the card is MTD ( image.jffs2 ). How to load the MTD software is explained below.

DCC 8E1 Interface cards are upgraded automatically when MTD software is upgraded. If MTD software is upgraded, then there is no need to upgrade the softwares of the DCC 8E1 Interface cards which is performed via DCC IDEA connection.

In the maintenance computer, copy ktftp.exe file into a folder. Copy MTD software into the same folder as well and then run ktftp.exe file.

Make Hyperterminal connection with a proper serial port cable as explained in the previous chapters. Run Hyperterminal program and press ENTER key to reach $ command prompt. Type “reboot” in $ command prompt of the Hyperterminal window. Press ENTER key and then press ESC immediately, to reach dcc> command prompt.

In dcc> prompt, use the following commands: run save_mtd Loads MTD software into the DCC Utility Card.

b) setenv bootcmd run flash_mtd Loads MTD software into the flash on the DCC Utility card. c) setenv bootdelay 3 Sets the delay at the starting of the DCC Utility card to 3 seconds. d) saveenv Saves the entire operations performed above.

The screenshot related to the commands explained above is shown below.

UPDATING THE SOFTWARE OF THE DCC 8E1 INTERFACE CARDS

UPDATING THE SOFTWARES OF THE DCC 8E1 INTERFACE CARDS
The software versions of the DCC 8E1 Interface cards are upgraded via DCC IDEA connection. Firstly, reach DCC block by entering the IP address of the DCC Utility card into the IDEA program as explained in the previous sections.

UPDATING THE SOFTWARES OF THE DCC 8E1 INTERFACE CARDS
Then, select “Card Firmware Upgrade” menu at DCC IDEA and click “Copy to Cards” icon to update software versions of all DCC 8E1 Interface cards.

USING SSH SECURE SHELL PROGRAM

USING SSH SECURE SHELL PROGRAM
The SSH Secure Shell is a PC interface program which is used to manage the DS200L system by accessing Linux PC (PCU200) in the system. After the installation of the SSH Secure Shell program is completed on the maintenance computer, following the steps below will be convenient.

STEPS AFTER THE INSTALLATION
1) The default window that opens after running the program is shown below.

SSH SECURE SHELL 2) It is possible to define new profile through the window below by selecting “Add Profiles” option. Master and slave PCU200 computers can be defined by this way. This will make later connections easier.

SSH SECURE SHELL 3) Define a profile name for Master PC, which is the PCU200 computer running in the system.

SSH SECURE SHELL 4) Select Profiles/ Edit Profiles in the menu to make profile settings.

SSH SECURE SHELL 5) Enter the IP address of the Master PCU200 into the Host Name part. Type root in the UserName part.

SSH SECURE SHELL 6) Select the pre-defined Master profile from Profiles for connection to the Master PC.

SSH SECURE SHELL 7) Enter ds200L as the password.

SSH SECURE SHELL 8) Proceed to the root command line, as shown below. For this type “ cd / ” and then press ENTER key.

IMPORTANT COMMANDS USED IN SSH SECURE SHELL PROGRAM

COMMANDS AT SSH SECURE SHELL
stop command is used to stop the DS200L system. After this command dialtone of the system will be cut. And start command is used to power OFF&ON (restart) the system.

2) date shows and date –s hh:mm sets the clock of the system.

3) ifconfig lists the Ethernet cards that have been defined on the PCU200.

4 ) check r_aca_x sets the read - write - execute (r-w-x) permissions of the files under the karel directory. (r_aca_x is an example of the main software version of the exchange.)

5) dslog shows basic information: stop & start times of the system, connection status of the towers and some software versions. ● dslog|more lists the log information page by page.

IDEA- DS200L SYSTEM CONNECTION

IDEA – DS200L CONNECTION Type the IP address of the active PCU200 computer in the “NetConsole Server” tab in IDEA program to establish a connection.

IDEA – DS200L CONNECTION After the connection to the IDEA program of DS200L system is established, configuration window shown below can be viewed. Then, required programming of the DS200L system can be done.

IDEA - DCC CONNECTION

IDEA – DCC CONNECTION Type the IP address of DCC (IP address of the DCC Utility Card) in the “DCC Connection” tab in IDEA to establish the connection. After the connection make the required programming of the DCC block. *** Menus of DCC IDEA are explained detailly below.

DCC CONFIGURATION

DCC CONFIGURATION The E1 ports that have been labeled green in this window are the ports over which the connections to the Utility 4E1 cards at the towers are established. In this window, if the mouse cursor rests on that card for a while, hardware and software versions of an DCC 8E1 Interface card are viewed.

E1 LINE INFORMATION

E1 LINE INFORMATION This window shows the 8E1 cards that have been installed in DCC slots, and the towers they have been connected to. For instance, regarding the “E1 #” row in the figure above, the first E1 port of the 8E1 card, that is in the slot 0 of the DCC Card, is in connection with the E1 port 0 of the first rack of the first tower.

E1 LINE INFORMATION The relay row indicates whether there is a problem with the relay of that E1 port or not. The SYNC row indicates whether there is synchronization problem with the pertaining E1 port. Green color signifies that synchronization has been maintained. The external clock row indicates the ports over which the external clock signal of the system is received. - When you click the EXCLK cells of the ports, to receive external clock, they are labeled blue. - The port over which the external clock signal is currently being received appears in dark blue. In case any problem with that port occurs, the system automatically starts to receive the external clock signal over another port that has been labeled blue, so that continuous reception of the system clock is maintained.

E1 LINE INFORMATION The SLIP rate row values are supposed to be 0 for normal operation of the system. Any value that is different from 0 indicates that there is a problem with cabling or connection. In case there is problem with the 2 Mbit connection, the Local Loopback row indicates that the problem originates from the pertaining port. That test has been explained in the BERT window.

BUSYNESS STATUS OF CHANNELS
This window displays the busyness status of 32 channels on the ports of DCC 8E1 Interface cards. The first channels of the ports have been marked as SYNC.

BERT (BIT ERROR RATE TEST)
BERT is a test performed in order to see if there is a problem with a line or cabling. It can be be peformed on the basis of ports or channels. To start the test, put the desired line into blue LOCL mode by right clicking the mouse on the Local Loopback row.

BERT ● Then, access the BERT tab and perform the test on the lines that have been selected for Loopback (LOCL). The duration of the test can be set as shown in the figure below. Also the duration of the test can be set as shown in the figure below.

BERT Number of errors occurred on the tested lines and error percentages are viewed as shown in the figure below.

CONSOLE Type “help” command and press ENTER key in this window, then you can see the commands that can be used in the window, together with their functions.

VIRTUAL TOWER This window is used only for SS7 Connections at Public Switch Systems.

PLL ( PHASE - LOCKED LOOP ) STATE

PLL ( PHASE - LOCKED LOOP ) STATUS
The PLL block is on the DCC Utility card. Synchronization with the external clock signal received from the 8E1 lines can be maintained by PLL. This window is for display purposes only; values of parameters cannot be changed. It is essential to make sure that PLL state appears to be “Locked” in this window, because it indicates that the clock is active. PLL Mode, Reference Clock Input and Phase Continuity Control (PCC) values are supposed to be as shown in the figure above.

CADENCE This window is used only at Public Switch Systems, not used at PBX systems.

DATE / TIME Date and time parameters of DCC can be set through this window. Synchronization with the PC clock is also possible.

NON-VOLATILE MEMORY OPERATIONS
Operations related to non-volatile memory are performed through this window. Any change that has been made must be written to the non-volatile memory to be permanent. Thus, these changes will not be erased after turning OFF&ON the DCC.

CARD FIRMWARE UPGRADE The software files of the DCC 8E1 Interface cards are upgraded through this window.

USER/ SECURITY OPERATIONS - Users
Users with different authorization levels in IDEA can be defined through this window.

SECURITY OPERATIONS – Changing Password
The password required for logging in to DCC IDEA can be changed through this menu.

SECURITY OPERATIONS – OPERATION TRACKING RECORDS
Operations that have been performed in the system can be tracked through this window.

SETTINGS - Operation Tracking
Through this window, it is determined whether operation tracking will be active or not, and the number of records to be kept in the log file can be set.

SETTINGS – Log File Log information related to DCC communication can be recorded through this window. Also the size of the log file can be adjusted. In case of a problem about DCC occurs, the log information that is obtained by connecting to DCC through HyperTerminal will be more detailed and useful. Obtain log file through Hyperterminal for DCC is explained at the last section of this document.

OBTAINING LOG FILE LOG FILE OF THE SYSTEM ETHEREAL LOG
HYPERTERMINAL LOGS OBTAINED FROM DCC BLOCK

LOG FILE OF THE SYSTEM For obtaining log file from DS200L system:
Establish a SSH Secure Shell connection At the root command line, type dslog tar and press ENTER key. All the files under the directory karel/home/log are zipped and a new file named log.tar.bz2 is formed. In order to get the log.tar.bz2 file, WinSCP program is used. WinSCP connection is established to the PCU200 computer and log.tar.bz2 file is copied to the maintenance computer. It will be necessary and enough to send this file to Karel.

LOG FILE OF THE SYSTEM In order to follow the flow of the system’s log at that moment, you can use “dslog” command at the SSH Secure Shell program. Thanks to “dslog” command, system’s start&stop times, active towers and some information about the versions can be observed. By the “ dslog |more “ command, these logs can be viewed page by page.

LOG FILE OF THE SYSTEM

LOG FILE OF THE SYSTEM Log of IDEA Program: Log of the IDEA program also exists in the system’s log. For DS200L systems, normally, analyzing the system’s log will be enough. But it may not be easy to view the IDEA log inside the system’s log when the size of system’s log is too big. If necessary, IDEA log can be analyzed seperately. Obtaining the log file of IDEA program at DS200L systems is similar to DS200 systems. When IDEA program is run, a text based file under the directory which IDEA program is installed is formed automatically. In this file, logs of that current session of the IDEA are saved.

LOG FILE OF THE SYSTEM When there is a problem at the system and log of this problem is required: Run IDEA program Double click the LOG icon at the right-bottom side of the IDEA window and reach the log window. After clearing the log window, generate the problem again. Copy and paste the log messages and save them in a text file in the maintenance computer.

ETHEREAL LOG Ethereal is a network analyzer program and shows IP signalling logs. It is an open source program and can be downloaded easily from internet. Since DS200L system communicates over LAN through TCP/IP, Ethereal logs are useful to observe IP communication problems in DS200 communication. IMPORTANT: In order to obtain usable Ethereal logs, programmable network switch or hub is needed.

ETHEREAL LOG Run SSH Secure Shell program and see the list of ethernet cards at the PCU200 computer by the ifconfig command.

ETHEREAL LOG ● “tcpdump” command forms a file in the PCU200 computer. That file contains Ethereal logs.

ETHEREAL LOG This command is entered as :
“ tcpdump -i eth1 –C 10 –s 1500 –w ethereal “ -i ( interface ) : shows which interface ( Ethernet card ) is being used. eth1: shows the “eth1” named ethernet card is being used. -c (capacity ): shows the capacity of logs are saved. Example: -c 10 -> shows the logs will be saved as 10MB sized. -s ( snap ): amount of data for each frame ( in terms of byte). If not defined, it’s 68 byte. -w ( write ) : determines the name of the ethereal file to be saved under the root directory. In the example above, name of this file is written as “ethereal” for easiness. If desired, this file can be saved in another name.

ETHEREAL LOG To obtain Ethereal logs, type IP address of PCU200 computer and run WinSCP program. Copy the file named ethereal from root directory to the maintenance computer. Send this file to Karel.

ETHEREAL LOG If necessary, content of these logs can be viewed by following the steps below (The screeenshots below are obtained from the Wireshark program which is the latest version of Ethereal program). You can open the Ethereal log file from “File/Open” option on the main menu.

ETHEREAL LOG

ETHEREAL LOG Logs can be viewed after selecting the required Ethereal log file.

HYPERTERMINAL LOGS OBTAINED FROM DCC BLOCK
It will be useful to get the logs via Hyperterminal program for analyzing and solving the problem. Hyperterminal connection to DCC block is done as explained in the previous chapters. In order to get Hyperterminal logs, proper serial port cable should be connected and hyperterminal program should be running on the maintenance computer. A sample screenshot of hyperterminal log flow window can be viewed below.

If necessary, logs on the hyperterminal window can be copied to a text file or “ Transfer /Capture Text ” option can be used to save so these logs to a file.

THANK YOU VERY MUCH...

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