1. Reflection . Class Setup PowerPoint Agenda:
What You need to have ready
Root Word Sheet
The Four Macromolecules Worksheet
Vocabulary Worksheet
Bellwork – Root word
Carbohydrates and Lipids
HW:
Class Setup
PowerPoint
White Paper towels
Brown Paper Bags
Plastic Cups – Marked with each substance
Water
Water & Sugar
Liquid Butter
Cooking Oil
Plastic Pipette for each cup
85 Copies of this lab
Day
Activity
Objectives &
Standards
Met
Dist.
Assessment
Time Total
Time left
Day 1
Bell Work – Root Word
5 min
50 min
Carbohydrates and lipids
30 min
20 min
Lipid Lab – Part 1
15 min
End Day 2
Closing – HW Bring a Lipid from home
0 min
Vocabulary:
I have them have out their vocab at the same time and tell them to fill in as we go - I will ask for participation in telling the definition as I present - maybe stamp those who can provide an answer - but I always write out or have up the definition too.
Reflection .

2. poly many polymer Of Earth Definition Examples in Biology Memory Word
picture
many
polymer

3. Carbon Carbon is an abundant element in all living things
It can share 4 electrons
It establishes covalent bonds which are very stable
It is found in all 4 macromolecules

4. 4 Macromolecules All macromolecules are organic (contain carbon)
Carbohydrates
(sugars): act as storage
and source of energy
• Lipids (fats): act as
storage of energy; they
are components of cell
membranes
• Proteins: perform multiple cellular functions • Nucleic Acids: hold genetic message and intervene in the processing of genetic information

5. Macromolecules: Hydrocarbon Backbones
Macromolecules are constituted by hydrocarbon backbones, which mainly provide structural stability

6. Through dehydration
(or condensation) reactions, monomers
are joint together to
form polymers
• Hydrolysis reactions
break down polymers
into monomers

7. Monomer
A molecule that may react chemically to another molecule of the same type to form a larger molecule
Examples: a saccharide, a nucleotide, and an amino acid
Polymer
A compound made up of several repeating units (monomers)
Examples: disaccharide, DNA, protein,

8. Monomer, monosaccharide
Of Earth
mono
Definition
Examples in Biology
Memory Word
picture
one
Monomer, monosaccharide

9. Chart Definitions Macromolecule
Note: The underlined words are already in the chart
Macromolecule
Biological macromolecules are defined as large molecules made up of smaller organic molecules called monomers.
There are four Macromolecules
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acid

10. Vocabulary
#4 Monomer is a compound whose molecules can join together to form a polymer. Glucose (C6H12O6) is a monomer.
#13 A Carbohydrate is an organic compound made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen atoms arranged in rings
#14 A Lipid is a fatty or waxy organic compound that is not soluble in polar solutions (i.e. water)
Glucose moving from Straight Line model to Ring Formation to 3D representation
Vocabulary:
#5 Monomer is a compound whose molecules can join together to form a polymer. Glucose (C6H12O6) is a monomer.
A Carbohydrate is an organic compound made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen atoms arranged in rings
A Lipid is a fatty or waxy organic compound that is not soluble in polar solutions (i.e. water)

11. The Four Macromolecules Monosaccharides
MONOMER(S)
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
MAJOR SUBGROUPS, CHARACTERISTICS OF EACH, EXAMPLES
Carbohydrates  C
(carbon) H
(Hydrogen) O
(oxygen)
Monosaccharide
It is biology's
Most efficient energy source.
Main source of energy
Monosaccharides
Simple Sugars
Simplest Carbohydrate
Examples of Monosaccharides:
Glucose (C6H12O6)
Fructose (C6H12O6)
Galactose (C6H12O6)
Isomers of each other – Same formula C6H12O6 but the atoms are arranged differently
Do I need to cover How to draw Bonds
Isomers – All C6H12O6 but atoms are arranged differently.

12. Vocabulary
An Isomer is part of a group of molecules that have the same chemical formula but their atoms are arranged differently
Vocabulary:
#4 Monomer is a compound whose molecules can join together to form a polymer. Glucose (C6H12O6) is a monomer.
#13 A Carbohydrate is an organic compound made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen atoms arranged in rings
#14 A Lipid is a fatty or waxy organic compound that is not soluble in polar solutions (i.e. water)
#2 An Isomer is part of a group of molecules that have the same chemical formula but their atoms are arranged differently
These sugars all have the chemical formula C6H12O6 but their atoms are arranged differently.

13. The Four Macromolecules Disaccharides
MONOMER(S)
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
MAJOR SUBGROUPS, CHARACTERISTICS OF EACH, EXAMPLES
Carbohydrates  C
(carbon) H
(Hydrogen) O
(oxygen)
Monosaccharide
It is biology's
Most efficient energy source.
Main source of energy
Disaccharides
Two Simple Sugars
Examples of Disaccharides:
Sucrose (C12H22O11) = Glucose + Fructose: Common table sugar
Lactose (C12H22O11) = Glucose + Galactose: Sugar in Milk – some people are lactose intolerant
Maltose (C12H22O11) = Glucose + Glucose: In Corn Syrup. It is the least common disaccharide.
Do I need to cover How to draw Bonds .

14. The Four Macromolecules Polysaccharides
MONOMER(S)
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
MAJOR SUBGROUPS, CHARACTERISTICS OF EACH, EXAMPLES
Carbohydrates  C
(carbon) H
(Hydrogen) O
(oxygen)
Monosaccharide
It is biology's
Most efficient energy source.
Main source of energy
Polysaccharides
Polymers
Many Simple Sugars linked together
Examples of Polysaccharides:
Starch (C6H10O5)n - Energy Storage in Plants
Glycogen (C6H10O5)n - Energy Storage in Animals – 1,700 to 600,000 units of glucose
Cellulose (C6H10O5)n - Makes up Plants Structure – We use it as wood for building, paper, and cotton for clothing
Do I need to cover How to draw Bonds .

15. Vocabulary
# 7 A Polymer is a large compound made up of several repeating monomer units.
#2 Cellulose is a polymer of Glucose units. It is a fibrous carbohydrate found in the cell walls of green plants and some algae. It provides strength and rigidity to plant cells.
Glucose
Glucose
Glucose
Vocabulary:
#4 Monomer is a compound whose molecules can join together to form a polymer. Glucose (C6H12O6) is a monomer.
#13 A Carbohydrate is an organic compound made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen atoms arranged in rings
#14 A Lipid is a fatty or waxy organic compound that is not soluble in polar solutions (i.e. water)
#2 An Isomer is part of a group of molecules that have the same chemical formula but their atoms are arranged differently
#5 A Polymer is a large compound made up of several repeating monomer units.
#1 Cellulose is a polymer of Glucose units. It is a fibrous carbohydrate found in the cell walls of green plants and some algae. It provides strength and rigidity to plant cells.
Cellulose

16. di two disaccharide Of Earth Definition Examples in Biology
Memory Word
picture
two
disaccharide

17. The Four Macromolecules
MONOMER(S)
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
MAJOR SUBGROUPS, CHARACTERISTICS OF EACH, EXAMPLES
Carbohydrates
Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides
Lipids
Some types of lipids: fats. oils, waxes, steroids, cholesterol
Saturated fatty acids:
unsaturated fatty acids:
This intro slide just orients the students to the correct page they should be working on.

18. The Four Macromolecules Lipids
MONOMER(S)
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
MAJOR SUBGROUPS, CHARACTERISTICS OF EACH, EXAMPLES
Lipids C
(carbon) H
(Hydrogen) O
(oxygen)
3 Fatty Acids – which are long chains of C–H with a COOH on the end
And a Glycerol
1. Fats and lipids are storage for energy in the form of fat cells..
2. Make up Cell membranes
3. Aid in Vitamins A,D,E, and K absorption.
4. shock absorber to protect vital organs
5. Insulate the body from temperature extremes.
Some types of lipids: fats. oils, waxes, steroids, cholesterol.
Saturated Fatty Acids
No Double Bonds between carbon atoms
Unsaturated Fatty Acids
One double
bond
C and H make up most of the molecule.
There are only a few Oxygen.
Long chains
1. Fats and lipids are important because they serve as energy source, as well as a storage for energy in the form of fat cells..
2. Lipids have a major cellular function as structural components in cell membranes. These membranes in association with carbohydrates and proteins regulate the flow of water, ions, and other molecules into and out of the cells.
3. Hormone steroids and prostaglandins are chemical messengers between body tissues.
4. Vitamins A, D, E, and K are lipid soluble and regulate critical biological processes. Other lipids add in vitamin absorption and transportation.
5. Lipids act as a shock absorber to protect vital organs and insulate the body from temperature extremes.

19. Vocabulary
Cholesterol is a Lipid. It is a small molecule, one of the steroids and is essential to life. It is:
incorporated in the membranes from which cells are constructed.
Is part of the insulating layers of myelin wound around neurons.
is a starting ingredient for the synthesis of the steroid hormones
Vocabulary:
#4 Monomer is a compound whose molecules can join together to form a polymer. Glucose (C6H12O6) is a monomer.
#13 A Carbohydrate is an organic compound made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen atoms arranged in rings
#14 A Lipid is a fatty or waxy organic compound that is not soluble in polar solutions (i.e. water)
#2 An Isomer is part of a group of molecules that have the same chemical formula but their atoms are arranged differently
#5 A Polymer is a large compound made up of several repeating monomer units.
#1 Cellulose is a polymer of Glucose units. It is a fibrous carbohydrate found in the cell walls of green plants and some algae. It provides strength and rigidity to plant cells.
# 12 Cholesterol is a Lipid. It is a small molecule, one of the steroids and is essential to life. It is:
incorporated in the membranes from which cells are constructed.
Is part of the insulating layers of myelin wound around neurons.
is a starting ingredient for the synthesis of the steroid hormones
Cholesterol is small molecule, one of the steroids. It is essential to life. It has also been responsible for 17 Nobel Prizes, countless pages of reports in scientific journals and the popular press, and mounting anxiety on the part of health-conscious people. Why?
The human body contains about 100 g of cholesterol. Most of this is incorporated in the membranes from which cells are constructed and is an indispensable component of them. The insulating layers of myelin wound around neurons are especially rich in cholesterol. In far smaller quantities, but no less important, cholesterol is starting ingredient for the synthesis of the steroid hormones: progesterone; estrogens; androgens (e.g., testosterone); glucocorticoids (e.g., cortisol); mineralocorticoids (e.g., aldosterone).
Cholesterol is also the precursor from which the body synthesizes vitamin D.
One of the major uses of cholesterol is the synthesis of bile acids. These are synthesized in the liver from cholesterol and are secreted in the bile. They are essential for the absorption of fat from the contents of the intestine. A clue to the importance of cholesterol is that most of the bile acids are not lost in the feces but are reabsorbed from the lower intestine and recycled to the liver. There is some loss, however, and to compensate for this and to meet other needs, the liver synthesizes some 1500–2000 mg of new cholesterol each day. It synthesizes cholesterol from the products of fat metabolism.
There is also an unceasing transport of cholesterol in the blood between the liver and all the other tissues. Most of this cholesterol travels complexed with fatty acids and protein in the form of low density lipoproteins (LDLs). Cells that need cholesterol trap and ingest LDLs by receptor-mediated endocytosis.
Cholesterol can also create problems. Cholesterol in the bile can crystallize to form gall stones that may block the bile ducts. Cholesterol is also strongly implicated in the development of atherosclerosis: fatty deposits (plaques) that form on the inside of blood vessels and predispose to heart attacks. The major culprit seems to be levels of LDLs that are in excess of the body's needs.
The level of cholesterol in the blood is measured in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dl), which is equivalent to parts per 100,000. The levels range from less than 50 in infants to an average of 215 in adults and to 1,200 or more in individuals suffering from a rare, inherited disorder called familial hypercholesterolemia. For those of us in the normal range, approximately two-thirds of our cholesterol is transported as LDLs. Most of the rest is carried by so-called high density lipoproteins (HDLs).