1. doc.: IEEE 802.22-04-0003-00-0000 Submission November 2004 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 1 Project: IEEE P802.22 Working Group for Wireless Regional Area Networks (WRANs) Submission Title: WRAN System Concept Date Submitted: 17 November 2004 Source: Gerald Chouinard Company: Communications Research Centre of Canada Address: 3701 Carling Avenue, P.O. Box 11490, Station H, Ottawa, Ontario, K2H 8S2, Canada Voice: (613) 998-2500], FAX: ???, E-Mail:gerald.chouinard@crc.ca Re: WRAN System Concept Abstract:Presents a system concept for WRANs for the groups consideration Purpose:For information only. Notice:This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.22 WG. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release:The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.22.

2. doc.: IEEE 802.22-04-0003-00-0000 Submission November 2004 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 2 Wireless Regional Area Network (WRAN) Initial System Concept Gérald Chouinard CRC

3. doc.: IEEE 802.22-04-0003-00-0000 Submission November 2004 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 3 Broadband Communication Infrastructure

4. doc.: IEEE 802.22-04-0003-00-0000 Submission November 2004 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 4 Rural Broadband: - Cable-modem / ADSL - WiFi hot-spots in ISM bands - Higher power, lower frequency broadband access system 40 km 30 km 20 km MAC Long excess delays QPS K 16- QAM 64-QAM PHY Adaptive modulation - Cable-modem / ADSL - WiFi hot-spots in ISM bands - Higher power, lower frequency broadband access system 40 km 30 km 20 km MAC Long excess delays QPSK 16-QAM 64-QAM PHY Adaptive modulation

5. doc.: IEEE 802.22-04-0003-00-0000 Submission November 2004 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 5 Household reach by technologies (last mile)

6. doc.: IEEE 802.22-04-0003-00-0000 Submission November 2004 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 6 Frequency of operation: Propagation considerations

7. doc.: IEEE 802.22-04-0003-00-0000 Submission November 2004 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 7 Frequency of operation: User terminal and base station considerations

8. doc.: IEEE 802.22-04-0003-00-0000 Submission November 2004 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 8 Optimum frequency range for large area Non-Line-of-sight Broadband Access

9. doc.: IEEE 802.22-04-0003-00-0000 Submission November 2004 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 9 IEEE Standards

10. doc.: IEEE 802.22-04-0003-00-0000 Submission November 2004 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 10 WRAN: Wireless Regional Area Network fits with the FCC definition of Fixed/Access category of operation given in the NPRM 04- 186 on the use of TV band by license-exempt devices –aimed at bringing broadband access in rural and remote areas –takes advantage of better propagation characteristics at VHF and low-UHF –Takes advantage of unused TV channels that exist in these sparsely populated areas

11. doc.: IEEE 802.22-04-0003-00-0000 Submission November 2004 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 11 WRAN System Concept Main constraint is to avoid interference to the incumbent services such as TV broadcasting (NTSC and DTV), and Public Safety systems in channels 14 to 20 in certain main markets Other constraints are the accommodation of some currently used license-exempt medical equipment and wireless microphones Use of etiquette is assumed for accommodation of as many operators as possible

12. doc.: IEEE 802.22-04-0003-00-0000 Submission November 2004 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 12 WRAN Base Stations Operation of WRAN is based on Fixed Wireless Access provided by professionally installed base stations that will control the RF characteristics of the user terminals The base stations will be: –Planned according to the available TV channels in the area (channels for which the coverage area will be outside the Grade-B contours of existing and expected TV stations –Operated by a legal entity with which incumbent systems could resolve potential interference problems

13. doc.: IEEE 802.22-04-0003-00-0000 Submission November 2004 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 13 WRAN User Terminal The user terminals: –Will be available as commodity item from any electronic stores –Will not need to be licensed nor registered –Will include interference sensing capabilities –Could be installed by simply connecting it to: A VHF and/or UHF antenna (log-periodic type for wide frequency range or Yagi for a narrow scanning range) a computer (through a Ethernet connector or through an integrated Wi-Fi connection) a power outlet.

14. doc.: IEEE 802.22-04-0003-00-0000 Submission November 2004 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 14 CPE Mock-up (RF based on low-cost UHF-TV tuners RF Input RF Output Ethernet to computer Power Supply

15. doc.: IEEE 802.22-04-0003-00-0000 Submission November 2004 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 15 WRAN User Terminal Terminal setup and initialization –A Web-based interface would be provided from the terminal for interaction with the user –Upon indication from the user, the terminal would initiate a scanning of all the TV channels to identify those channels that carry broadband network access in the area –A list of such channels and the available service providers would be presented on the screen of the computer for selection by the user

16. doc.: IEEE 802.22-04-0003-00-0000 Submission November 2004 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 16 WRAN User Terminal Terminal setup and initialization (contd) –Access to the service could be initiated by: a telephone call to the operator to open an account and tell the base station to contact the terminal by providing the terminal physical device number: –The base station would contact the specific terminal through its physical device number and forward all the information to the terminal to establish a connection using the appropriate RF characteristics using network control packets

17. doc.: IEEE 802.22-04-0003-00-0000 Submission November 2004 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 17 WRAN User Terminal Terminal setup and initialization (contd) –Access to the service could be initiated by: directly by confirming access request to the selected service provider on the Web-based interface of the terminal. (The terminal would acquire all the necessary parameters to establish a connection with the strongest base station of the selected service provider: transmission channel, transmit power, modulation parameters, access scheme and timing, etc.): –Upon receiving an access request from the user terminal, the base station would indicate to the operator that a new account is needed and would allow temporary access to some functions to register the new user –Full access would be granted once the transaction is complete

18. doc.: IEEE 802.22-04-0003-00-0000 Submission November 2004 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 18 WRAN User registration As part of the registration, the user will need to specify his personal coordinates, including its physical address for geolocation purposes The RF characteristics of the terminal will be under total control of the base station to alleviate any interference and control it at the network level. The base station will initiate sensing of TV and other RF signals at the user terminals, collect the information centrally and take action at the system level to avoid interference (e.g., change the frequency of a sector)

19. doc.: IEEE 802.22-04-0003-00-0000 Submission November 2004 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 19 Modulation characteristics Adaptive modulation: typical spectrum capacity: 3 bit/(sec * Hz) (e.g., 64-QAM with ¾ code rate) Full 6 MHz channel is expected to be used to provide some 18 Mbit/sec shared forward capacity (1.5 Mbit/s to some 600 terminals assuming an over-subscription factor of 50:1) OFDM type modulation to counter increased multipath due to less directional antennas at VHF and low UHF (e.g., 1000 carriers to cover a range of 0.16 μsec to up to 33 μsec) (8000 carriers if on-channel repeaters are needed?) OFDMA on the return link to allow scaling of the user terminal transmit power to the transmitted data rate