1. Qualitative vs. Quantitative Qualitative = descriptive, non-numerical. ex. : the mornings are getting very cold. Quantitative = numerical, definite measurement ex. : the temperature was 65°F this morning.

2. Accuracy- close to the true value Precision- close within measurements % Error- describes how close your data is to the accepted value Accepted – Experimental x 100 Accepted Value

3. Know your metric relationships! kilo -hecta - deca -(base) - deci - centi – milli ( 10 3 - 10 2 -10 1 - (1) – 10 -1 - 10 -2 - 10 -3 ) King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk

4. Used for measurements that are very large or very small. Describes a number to the power of 10. (N x 10 X ) Where N : 1≤ N < 10 X (+) = large number X (-) = small number Ex. 1.5 x 10 4 = 1.5 x 10 -4 =

5. Standard Unit of measure Metric based measurements Length = meter (m) Volume = derived from length (m 3 ) Mass = kilograms (kg) Density = mass/volume (g/cm 3 ) Temperature = Kelvin (K) Time = seconds (s) Amount of substance = mole (mol)

6. Used to express the accuracy of a number. Used for “measured” numbers. Rules for determining Sig. Figs. 1.All non-zero numbers are significant 2.Captive zeros are significant 3.Leading zeros are not significant 4.Trailing zeros are significant if a decimal is present

7. Chapter 4 Notes: Problem Solving Steps to Problem Solving Approach: A. Analysis: determine starting point and plan steps required to get a solution. B.Calculate: conduct appropriate calculations based on plan. This may require multiple steps. C.Evaluate: Review answer to see if it seems reasonable.

8. Chapter 4 Notes: Problem Solving Conversion Factors- a ratio of equivalent measurements ( 1 inch = 2.54 cm) Dimensional Analysis- the technique for solving problems using unit conversions based on conversion factors Ex. 6. 42 inches = ? cm

9. Chapter 4 Notes: Problem Solving Multi-step Problems – use more than one conversion factor: ex. 5 days = ? minutes Complex Problems- involves ratios of two units: ex..45 Km/hrs = ? m/s Golden Rule for conversions…always show your work!