2. Objective 1.1
Identify the major domestic issues & conflicts experienced by the nation during the Federalist Period
( ).

3. STARTER Wednesday, August 27
FREE WRITE/LIST
SITUATION: You have discovered a rather large island in the Atlantic Ocean, about the same size of North Carolina. You have decided that you will start your own nation there, inviting friends and family. Once you have all moved there, you create a Constitution and figure out how you will run your new government.
What are some of the things you need to do to get your government running?
Consider: What is needed to run a nation?

4. Wednesday, August 27 Read pages 60-76
HOMEWORK
Due 8/28
Thurs
Wednesday, August 27
Read pages 60-76
Answer questions 1-20 regarding the reading

5. Describe how G. Washington felt about becoming the 1st president of the United States. (60)
Why was the Judiciary Act of 1789 so important? (61)
List the cabinet’s first four executive departments, name their heads, and identify their titles. (61)
Describe Alexander Hamilton’s political beliefs. (61)
Describe Thomas Jefferson’s political beliefs. (61-63)

6. What was the South’s reaction to Hamilton’s plan and why? (62-63)
6. Describe Hamilton’s proposal to get the new nation out of debt in (62)
What was the South’s reaction to Hamilton’s plan and why? (62-63)
Why did James Madison oppose the Bank of the United States? (63)
Explain the difference between “loose” and “strict” interpretations of the Constitution. (63)
How did Hamilton win support from the South? (63)
What key issues in American history led to the creation of the first political parties? (64-65)

7. Finish copying questions
Take out homework
Starter
August 28
12. What were the first two political parties, who were their leaders, and what did they each support? (65)
13. What was the Whiskey Rebellion and why is it important to US History? (63-65)
14. Why did Native Americans and white settlers clash after the Treaty of Paris? (66-67)
15. What pattern did the Treaty of Greenville establish? (67)
16. Explain how Thomas Jefferson became Vice President in 1796 and how this created problems. (70)

8. While the Alien Acts targeted immigrants, the Sedition Acts were used to persecute many Democratic-Republicans. How did Jefferson and Madison propose to kill the Alien and Sedition Acts (70-71)
Explain the election that led to the creation of the 12th Amendment. (71)
What changes did Jefferson make during his Presidency? (73)
What is Judicial Review and how did John Marshall establish it?(74)

9. SEVEN (7) DOMESTIC ISSUES & CONFLICTS TO KNOW
Creating a new government
Hamilton –vs- Jefferson
Political Parties emerge
The Whiskey Rebellion
Native Americans resist white settlement
Sedition Act and nullification
Marbury v. Madison: Judicial Review

10. Describe how G. Washington felt about becoming the 1st president of the United States. (60)
He had no desire to be President
Because he was a hero of the Revolutionary War, he was an excellent choice
He was ready to retire
But, he reluctantly accepted the call to duty
1st Job: Create a new government

11. Why was the Judiciary Act of 1789 so important? (61)
The Judiciary Act established a judiciary
Created 13 federal courts
Established a system of appeals
Made federal laws SUPREME
Federal Law is
SUPREME

12. List the cabinet’s first four executive departments, name their heads, and identify their titles. (61)
Department of State (deals with foreign affairs): Thomas Jefferson, Secretary of State
Department of War (handles military matters): Henry Knox, Secretary of War
Department of the Treasury (manages finances): Alexander Hamilton, Secretary of the Treasury
Attorney General: Edmund Randolph

13. Describe Alexander Hamilton’s political beliefs. (61-63)
Strong, centralized federal government
Elite, well-educated, and rich should rule
Loose interpretation of the Constitution
Economy based on shipping & manufacturing
Supported by the North

14. Describe Thomas Jefferson’s political beliefs. (63)
Limited power of the national government: states and local governments share power
Fear of dictatorship; common people to rule
Strict interpretation of the Constitution
Economy based on farming
Supported by the South

15. Describe Hamilton’s proposal to get the new nation out of debt in 1790
The nation was in debt mostly due to the American Revolution.
To pay it back, Hamilton proposed that the federal government pay back the debts by selling bonds and establishing tariffs and excise taxes

16. What was the South’s reaction to Hamilton’s plan and why? (62-63)
The South had already paid back its debt
The South feared it would be taxed to help pay the debts of other states

17. Why did James Madison oppose the Bank of the United States? (63)
He feared, along with Jefferson, that a national bank would benefit the north (business) at the expense of the south (agriculture)
Also, the Constitution did not provide for the bank and therefore Congress had no right to establish one

18. Explain the difference between “loose” and “strict” interpretations of the Constitution. (63)
Loose: greater freedom to interpret the Constitution.
Some feared this gave too much power to the federal government
Strict: follow the provision of the Constitution
This limited the powers of the federal government

19. How did Hamilton win support from the South? (63)
Suggested that the nation’s capital move from New York to a new city in the South
Washington, DC was created between Maryland and Virginia

20. What key issues in American history led to the creation of the first political parties? (64-65)
The POWER and SIZE of the FEDERAL government in relation to STATE and LOCAL governments

21. REPUBLICANS (Jefferson): supported strong state governments
What were the first two political parties, who were their leaders, and what did they each support? (65)
FEDERALISTS (Hamilton): supported a strong central (federal) government
REPUBLICANS (Jefferson): supported strong state governments
*These Republicans later became known as Democratic-Republicans and are the ancestor’s of today’s Democratic Party, not today’s Republican Party

22. What was the Whiskey Rebellion and why is it important to US History
Pennsylvania whiskey producers refused to pay taxes on their product.
In their refusal, they created violence and threatened to secede from the Union
Pres. Washington & Hamilton went to Pennsylvania and stopped the rebellion
It proved that the federal government had power to enforce the law in domestic conflicts

23. Why did Native Americans and white settlers clash after the Treaty of Paris? (66-67)
The Treaty of Paris gave lands to America after the Revolutionary War
Native Americans were excluded in this negotiation
Native Americans claimed their tribal lands and fought the U.S. government over lands

24. What pattern did the Treaty of Greenville establish? (67)
Native Americans were paid much less for their lands than what it was worth

25. Explain how Thomas Jefferson became Vice President in 1796 and how this created problems. (70)
Thomas Jefferson (Democratic-Republican) ran against John Adams (Federalist) in 1796 and was the runner-up, automatically making him the Vice President
Problems arouse due to the unexpected emergence of political parties and,
Sectionalism: placing the interests of one region over those of the nation as a whole
The North voted for Adam; the South voted for Jefferson

26. While the Alien Acts targeted immigrants, the Sedition Acts were used to persecute many Democratic-Republicans. How did Jefferson and Madison propose to kill the Alien and Sedition Acts (70-71)
They drew up the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions and asked these states to nullify the Sedition Acts
To nullify means that the states had the right to consider any act of Congress void, that they saw a unconstitutional
Virginia and Kentucky viewed this act as a violation of the First Amendment

27. Explain the election that led to the creation of the 12th Amendment
The 12th Amendment calls for electors to cast separate ballots for both the President and the Vice President.
Jefferson and his running mate Aaron Burr where on the same ballot, so therefore received the same number of votes for President

28. What did Jefferson accomplish during his Presidency? (73)
Get rid of Alien and Sedition Acts
Reduced the size of the army, stopped the expansion of the navy, lowered expenses on social functions
Eliminated internal taxes and reduced the power of the Bank of the United States
Supported free trade

29. What is Judicial Review and how did John Marshall establish it? (74)
The right of the supreme court to determine the constitutionality of congressional decisions
Marbury v. Madison

30. SEVEN (7) DOMESTIC ISSUES & CONFLICTS TO KNOW
REVIEW
SEVEN (7) DOMESTIC ISSUES & CONFLICTS TO KNOW
Creating a new government
Hamilton –vs- Jefferson
Political Parties emerge
The Whiskey Rebellion
Native Americans resist white settlement
Sedition Act and nullification
Marbury v. Madison: Judicial Review

31. # 1 Creating a NEW GOVERNMENT
NOTES
# 1 Creating a NEW GOVERNMENT
George Washington becomes the nation’s 1st president, reluctantly
He establishes his cabinet
T. Jefferson, Sec. Of State
H. Knox, Sec. Of War
A. Hamilton, Sec. Of Treasury
Judiciary Act establishes that federal law is SUPREME

32. #2 Hamilton vs. Jefferson
NOTES
#2 Hamilton vs. Jefferson
Hamilton supports the rich, elite, educated, strong federal government, supported by the North
LOOSE interpretation of the Constitution
Jefferson supports common farmers, rights of the states, supported by the South
STRICT interpretation of the Constitution

33. #3 Political Parties Emerge
NOTES
#3 Political Parties Emerge
WHY? Debate the size and power of the federal government in relation to state governments
A. Hamilton: Federalists
T. Jefferson: Democratic-Republicans aka “Republicans”
Problems arose when the President and Vice President belonged to different parties
This was solved with the 12th Amendment

34. The federal government ENFORCES a federal law
NOTES
#4 Whiskey Rebellion
The federal government ENFORCES a federal law

35. #5 Native Americans resist white settlement
NOTES
#5 Native Americans resist white settlement
Treaties become the way the federal government obtains Native American lands

36. #6 Sedition Act Americans were persecuted unfairly
NOTES
#6 Sedition Act
Americans were persecuted unfairly
This is the first time the theory of NULLIFICATION is used
Nullification is the idea that individual states have the right to make a federal law void

37. #7 Marbury v. Madison Supreme Court case that established
NOTES
#7 Marbury v. Madison
Supreme Court case that established
JUDICIAL REVIEW
The Supreme Court can declare an act
of Congress unconstitutional

38. SEVEN (7) DOMESTIC ISSUES & CONFLICTS TO KNOW
REVIEW
SEVEN (7) DOMESTIC ISSUES & CONFLICTS TO KNOW
Creating a new government
Hamilton –vs- Jefferson
Political Parties emerge
The Whiskey Rebellion
Native Americans resist white settlement
Sedition Act and nullification
Marbury v. Madison: Judicial Review