1. Meeting 2 :

2. INORGAN IC BIOLOGIC AL ORGANIC DYNAMIC STRUCTURE ENERGY THEORI TICAL COMPUTA TION PRACTICAL MEASURE MENT SAMPLING STATISTIC

3.  SAMPLING TECHNIQUES  SEPARATION TECHNIQUES  SAMPLING TECHNIQUES  SEPARATION TECHNIQUES  QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS (IDENTIFICATION)  QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS  QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS (IDENTIFICATION)  QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS

4. CONVENTIONAL METHODS MODERN /INSTRUMENTAL METHOD TITRIMETRIC (Volumetric) GRAVIMETRIC CONDUCTOMETRIC POTENTIOMETRIC SPECTROMETRIC

5.  To have the homogenuous sample  Some techniques: Grab sampling Random sampling Purposive sampling

6.  Sublimation  Destilation  Filtration  Extraction  Evaporation  chromatography

7. -TO IDENTIFY SUBTANCES/CATIONS/ANIONS - SPOT TEST - PRIOR TEST FOR QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS

8. Gravimetric method : quantitative analysis method based on mass measurement Volumetric method : quantitative analysis method based on volume measurement The measurement sometimes goes by titration  titrimetric methods

9. Potentiometric methods: - Based on potential (emf) measurement - Potential (E) Volt - E = - n R.T ln K Equation: A === B ; K = [B]/[A] E = - n. R. T ln [B]/[A]

10. Based on electrical conductivity measurement Relate to : ion formation in electrolytes Principles: the more ion concentration, the greater conductivity

11. Principles: The measurement of matter-energy interaction PtPo Pa Pr b Po = Pt + Pa + Pr